2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The apple orchard at the summer cottage pleases during the flowering period with its charm, and during fruiting with tasty and healthy fruits. However, its cultivation requires a lot of effort and effort, because such fruit trees are not entirely resistant to harmful insects and all kinds of diseases. Not so long ago, a new species of apple trees appeared - columnar. Their fruiting is characterized by a plentiful and high-quality harvest, and they take up very little space in the garden
By the way, with the help of these cultures, you can surprisingly change the appearance of the landscape in the country and decorate natural walls.
Columnar apple trees have been known to gardeners for less than fifty years. The history of the creation of this variety is truly interesting and amazing. On an old apple tree, the summer resident saw a branch that was different from the others on the tree. It grew vertically and did not have side forks, and its surface was covered with mini-spears. It turned out such a "mutant" on the Macintosh apple variety. After the propagation of the branch, another variety developed, which was named Vazhak. In 1972, he was crossed with Cinnamon Striped. So the columnar apple trees were bred.
Main advantages
In a small area of the summer cottage, you can grow several varieties of columnar apple at once. It is convenient and easy to carry out the necessary care after it, without spending a lot of time and effort. The beautiful decorative features of this apple tree create a cozy atmosphere in the garden. Trees begin to bear fruit from the first or third year of planting. It is important to note that the harvest is always distinguished by its large volume and excellent taste.
The columnar apple tree has no lateral branches at all. The entire crop is formed on the central main trunk. It is also convenient to pick apples, because the trees are small in size. Fruiting is permanent. But these plants also have their disadvantages. Surface roots develop very poorly, therefore they are unstable in relation to the retention of the aerial part of the tree. It can break or be damaged in case of sudden gusts of wind. Also, the roots cannot provide the apple tree with the necessary volume of water and useful microelements. For this reason, the trees should be well watered and fed.
There is a wide variety of varieties of columnar apple trees. For example, if you want to get a harvest already in the year of planting, you should pay attention to Iksha, Malyukha or Moscow necklace. Intensive fruiting in such trees occurs within eight years. There are other varieties - bearing fruit in the fourth year of life and pleasing with the harvest only six years after planting. When buying seedlings, it is important to pay attention to the properties and characteristics of varieties.
Both types are characterized by increased fragility. That is why, during planting and leaving, the summer resident will have to be as careful and attentive as possible. In different varieties, you can see all sorts of shades of bark and fruit. Also, some varieties are suitable for growing in certain climatic conditions or areas.
Varieties for the southern part of the country
In the south, the columnar apple trees of the Tuscan Island, Snow White, Ideal, Titania, Yesenia and some others will feel good. They are characterized by resistance to cold snaps possible in the southern regions. However, too frosty weather becomes a great danger for them. Fruits ripen in late autumn, but such fruits can be stored for a very long time. The first fruiting period after planting occurs in the third year of life. The aesthetic characteristics of these apple trees are excellent. The foliage is dense, does not lose its splendor throughout the warm season.
Varieties for Central Russia
In the central part of Russia and Siberia, the most decorative apple trees with unusual deciduous crowns adapt best. Among the varieties, it is worth paying attention to Vasyugan, Senator, Elite, Dialogue and the like. Many of them are able to withstand temperature drops down to -40 degrees.
You can increase the decorative properties of apple trees by combining several varieties in one planting that will have different fruit colors, ripening and flowering phase. Thus, you can plant a kindergarten in a couple of rows using the Ostankino, President and Vasyugan varieties. Amber necklace will help to dilute the scale.
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