Modern Irrigation Systems. Part 2

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Photo: Mariusz Blach / Rusmediabank.ru

We continue to discuss modern irrigation systems.

Part 1.

Actually, it should be noted that, according to the principle of operation, artificial irrigation systems are simple. However, such systems are complex hydraulic engineering complexes. In addition, at the beginning of the operation of such a system, its adjustment and debugging will be required. And during the operation itself, technical service will also be required from time to time.

The main control unit in the system is the processor control unit, it is he who will send signals to the solenoid valves about the need to start or end watering. Different models of systems have the ability to determine the frequency of watering for various periods: from a week to a whole year. This period to be programmed is called the watering cycle.

It is also beneficial that in the rain, watering will not be carried out even with an automated watering system. This is achieved due to the presence of special weather sensors.

There is also such a method of irrigation as sprinkling. In this case, water will be thrown into the air under pressure, it will be crushed into drops and fall into the soil and onto the plants themselves in the form of rain. In order for the water jet to be converted into raindrops, various types of nozzles and devices are used. The nozzles need a modest water pressure, in this case you will get high-quality watering. Such devices are different: umbrella type, rotary and pulse. As for the umbrella-type devices, this device has many holes, and those water jets that fly out of them will form an umbrella. This type will provide the most intensive irrigation, water will be consumed a lot for a single unit of time. Moreover, the coverage of such a device will not be more than three to five meters.

As for the rotary models, they will have a fixed base and a rotating head. This type of device should be installed in such a way that the radius of one head should overlap with the radius of the next. Such devices can regulate both the irrigation radius itself and the height and density of the water jet itself.

Impulse sprinklers look like water guns mounted on a stand. Such a device will fire at a selected distance at a predetermined interval.

This irrigation method can be applied to different areas. The optimal solution would be such watering for vegetable and cereal crops that need continuous watering.

Another irrigation system will be the so-called drip irrigation. Thanks to such a system, it becomes possible to combine deep water penetration into the soil together with a very economical water consumption. This system is used to irrigate a variety of crops.

When using such an irrigation system, water will flow to the plants through special tubes called drip lines. These tubes are laid along all the rows of plants. It should be noted that trees and shrubs need to organize a contour consisting of several droppers, which will encircle the entire zone of the root system. For vegetable crops, hoses with drip holes will be required, which will be located along the beds themselves. As for the main advantages of such an irrigation system, it should be noted that, together with water, various soluble fertilizers can be added to the soil.

Today, in some places there is a shortage of drinking water. For this reason, the use of natural water resources is becoming increasingly important. Of course, the main source of such water will be nothing more than precipitation. As rain and snow, one square meter each year will receive such an amount of water that can be measured in hundreds of liters. Rainwater harvesting systems will assist in the efficient use of such precipitation. To do this, many gardeners connect underground reservoirs and a roof drainage system: this water can also be used for irrigation.