2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The middle zone of Russia is distinguished by a harsh climate. How to prevent the death of seedlings, and be able to receive early harvests? We invite you to get acquainted with an innovative technology that is successfully used by farmers - a heating cable for greenhouses. Details about the types of the system, about self-assembly
What is a heating cable
It is known that cold ground provokes the development of diseases, often leads to the death of a seedling. The main task of the cable is not to heat the air, but the ground. This is the creation of optimal conditions for plant life.
Especially valuable in this system is the ability to regulate the heat supply within the range of the required parameters. The system can be equipped with a thermostat and is capable of maintaining + 17 … + 25. Therefore, it makes it possible to provide heating of the earth, according to the needs of plants in different growing seasons. Thanks to this, an optimal microclimate and frost protection is established in the greenhouse. Ground cables are of two types.
The resistance wire has an active heating core. It can have two shorted conductors with heat-resistant insulation and a metal screen. It is inexpensive, but has a drawback: it cannot be cut, it works with a thermostat. Consists of one or more heating conductors. Heat is generated by the passage of electricity.
The self-regulating wire has two cores and is heated by a semiconductor matrix enclosed in graphite and semiconducting polymers. Has a heat-resistant sheath that encloses conductive lines. It is considered the most reliable system, as it does not overheat and is not afraid of overlaps. The great demand for this type is due to the ability to cut into sections of any length.
Why choose a cable for heating greenhouses
When using an electric cable, it becomes possible to accelerate the germination period, ensure the survival of seedlings, and collect an earlier crop. This all happens by adjusting the soil temperature and keeping it in the right format.
Heating the soil allows you to make earlier plantings, exclude freezing, accelerate the growth of seedlings, and provide the desired microclimate in adverse weather. Such a system is indispensable in cold regions and makes it possible to grow thermophilic vegetables, as well as prolong fruiting.
If vegetables with contrasting growth characteristics are cultivated in the greenhouse, you can use several heating systems to create an individual regime for each plant. Therefore, it is not difficult to select a site for each varietal group and set a different temperature. In order to prevent overdrying of the earth layer, you need to choose the right power - no more than 15-20 W per linear meter.
The cable system is economical compared to pipes that circulate hot water / antifreeze. Does not require installation of a control cabinet. Does not leak, can be easily repaired, evenly warms up the soil, does not need maintenance. Safe, because it automatically turns off / de-energizes in case of mechanical damage. It is possible to automatically control the temperature over the entire area. It can provide heating of the earth all year round.
Heating cable installation in the greenhouse
In order not to overheat and not overdry the roots, you need to lay the cable in accordance with the types of your plantings. This is especially important when the roots go more than 30 cm. The work process is simple.
A layer is removed, usually 30-40 cm, the soil is sprinkled with sifted sand (5-7 cm), spilled and compacted (rammed). Thermal insulation (expanded polystyrene), a metal mesh (50 x 50 mm) and a heating cable are placed on this surface. The laying step is within 110-140 mm. A temperature sensor is installed in the mounting tube. The structure is covered with a layer of sand, spilled, compacted.
A steel mesh (25 x 25 mm) laid in the last layer will help prevent damage with a shovel during digging. Now fertile soil is poured (30-40 cm). The thermostat must be located a meter from the ground, in a moisture-resistant box, connected according to the instructions.
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