2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
This deciduous tree has different names depending on where it grows. It is famous for its spreading dense crown formed by hanging thin branches. The young twigs and seeds of the tree are nutritious pet food, and the bark has long been used for medicinal purposes
Rod Ilm
Trees of the genus
Elm (Ulmus) are often found in our deciduous forests, being neighbors of linden and maple, but they are called differently. In Europe you will be told that it is
Elm or
Birch, and in Asia -
Elm … So for me, who was born and raised in Western Siberia, this tree is known as Karagach, which means "Black tree" in Turkic languages.
Its pointed simple leaves, located on thin hanging branches in the next order, fall off in our harsh lands for the winter. A double-toothed edge gives the leaves decorativeness.
At the beginning of spring, capitate inflorescences or bunches of nondescript flowers without petals appear on the branches, which by the beginning of summer turn into winged single-seeded fruits, carried by the wind across the World in order to prolong the life of the genus.
Karagach grows rapidly in the first years of life, slowing down over the years, since it lives for a long time (up to 500 years), and therefore there is especially nowhere to rush it.
The number of natural hybrids and morphological forms of trees of the Ilm genus is large. Let's consider some of the most famous types.
Varieties
* Elm smooth (Ulmus laevis) is a tall tree with a straight trunk and slender hanging branches that form a spreading and dense crown, under which it is pleasant to lie in a hammock with a love story in your hands. Leaves with a toothed margin are asymmetric. Winged fruits are located on long stalks.
* Field elm (Ulmus carpinifolia) - also called
Birch or
Elm … It is inferior in height to the previous species, growing to a maximum of 10 meters. You can't rest in a hammock under its low-lying crown. Its branches sometimes disfigure cork growths. Before the appearance of ovate-elliptical leaves, decorated with a double-toothed edge, flowers bloom in spring. Leaves green in summer, often having a glossy surface, dress up in a dark yellow color by autumn.
* Coarse elm (Ulmus glabra) - also called
Ilm gorny … The oval crown of the tree is raised high above the ground. It got its name because of the large rough leaves, decorated with a coarse-toothed edge. It can often be found in city parks where the soil is not saline. Prolonged dry periods can kill the tree.
* Small-leaved elm (Ulmus pumila) is a less decorative species with shiny narrow leaves and light bark, growing from 3 to 25 meters in height. However, it is popular in urban landscaping, because it stoically tolerates both heat in the company of drought and bitter frosts. In addition, he is not afraid of pests and diseases.
* Hybrids - hybrids have been created from the above species, for example,
Dutch elms
hybrid "Belgian" and others.
Growing
Elms love to spread their lush crowns in sunny places, not afraid of the winter cold or summer heat. True, with prolonged drought, young trees require watering.
They do not have special requirements for soils, although if you put them before a choice, they will prefer fertile fresh soils. During planting, it is advisable to fertilize the soil with organic matter, and combine watering of young trees once a month with mineral fertilizing.
The natural shape of the Elm crown is decorative in itself, and therefore does not require additional haircuts. Only damaged, dried branches are removed, as well as those that, in the opinion of the gardener, are ugly located.
When arranging hedges from Elms, the haircut is carried out in the spring, and, if necessary, additionally trimmed in the summer.
Reproduction
Winged seeds, carried by the wind, land on moist soil and root easily, avoiding a dormant period.
Elm can be propagated by autumn layering or by separation of root suckers.
Enemies
Unfortunately, only small-leaved elm is resistant to pests, while other species are affected by fungal diseases. Many leaf-eating insects love to feast on their leaves. Therefore, the Elms need the protection of the gardener.
Recommended:
Bare Elm
Bare elm is one of the plants of the family called elm, in Latin the name of this plant will sound like this: Ulmus glabra Huds. As for the name of the naked elm family itself, in Latin it will be: Ulmaceae Mirb. Description of naked elm The naked elm is also known as the naked elm.
Japanese Elm Medium
Japanese elm medium is one of the plants of the family called elm, in Latin the name of this plant will sound like this: Ulmus japonica (Rehd.) Sarg. As for the name of the Japanese middle elm family, in Latin this name will be: Ulmaceae Mirb.
Hornbeam Elm
Hornbeam elm is one of the plants of the family called elm, in Latin the name of this plant will sound as follows: Ulmus caprinifolia Rupr. ex Suskow. As for the very name of the hornbeam elm family, in Latin it will be: Ulmaceae Mirb. Description of the hornbeam elm The following popular names of this plant are known:
Elm
Elm (Latin Ulmus) - a large genus of tall trees belonging to the Elm family (lat.Ulmaceae). For the first time they learned about the elm more than 40 million years ago. In nature, representatives of the genus grow in the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, etc.
