2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Black rot of carrots, or Alternaria, often affects root crops even in the beds during their growth, but sometimes this ailment can manifest itself only during storage. Black rot is especially dangerous for the testes of carrots, causing not only their external infection, but also internal. And the germination of seeds can be reduced by up to 75%. In addition to carrots, this attack often affects celery, parsley and some other crops
A few words about the disease
The main symptom of damage to carrots by Alternaria is the formation of affected tissues on the roots, which have a rich coal-black color. Most often, the tips of the carrots rot, but other parts of the root vegetables can also rot. But still, heads with shoulders are still the most vulnerable parts of carrots. Black dry rot usually appears on them.
On seedlings, destructive black rot most often manifests itself in the form of a black leg. And on the leaves of carrots, specks of dark brown color appear, covered with a barely noticeable bloom of fungal sporulation of black-green color. Starting from the very edges, the leaflets darken and quickly curl. If the leaves are severely affected, then their assimilation is noticeably reduced and the development of crops as a whole is inhibited, since black rot often passes from the leaf blades to the petioles, and a little later to root crops.
Typically, seeds, debris and infected soil are sources of infection. In this regard, the degree of harmfulness of unpleasant black rot increases significantly during the growing season of seed plants, as well as during storage of carrots. And the poor condition of vegetation as a whole contributes to a significant increase in damage to a large extent.
If the year turned out to be with a cold and dry autumn, then, as a rule, the harmfulness of the ill-fated black rot decreases sharply, and sometimes it may not appear at all. Plants of the first year are usually affected only in the second half of the growing season, while their damage is very insignificant.
How to fight
It is very important to eliminate all residues of vegetation from the beds in a timely manner. Compliance with the rules of crop rotation is also a fairly effective measure in the fight against black rot. A four-year or five-year crop rotation will be most optimal. Weed control is equally important, especially against weeds from the celery family.
The use of Alternaria-resistant carrot varieties is also encouraged, among which such as Dordogne and Champion F1 can be distinguished.
It is best to dig up areas intended for carrots with the addition of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers to the soil in high doses. And you need to water the carrots with water warmed up in the sun. When watering, it is not forbidden to use solutions of various natural biostimulants, such as mullein, nettle and a number of others. And the solutions "Baikal-M" and "Immunocytofit" help to increase the resistance of carrots to various ailments and to strengthen the plants well.
Before sowing, carrot seeds, as well as root crops, before sending them for storage, are recommended to be treated with a solution of "Tigama" (0.5%). It is advisable to always take seeds exclusively from healthy crops.
Damaged by all kinds of pests, as well as infected root crops, are immediately removed from the site. And carrot plantings are sprayed with a fungicide called "Skor" (the first time - as soon as the symptoms of black rot are found, and then - one and a half to two weeks later). For prophylactic purposes, plants can be sprayed with such agents as "Trichodermin", "Glyokladin", "Fitosporin-M" and "Gamair".
Harvesting carrots is best done when dry weather is established. At the same time, the tops are immediately cut off, and the cuttings are left up to one centimeter long. Root crops intended for storage should be carefully sorted out, discarding those that have any mechanical damage and dried root crops. And they should be stored in cool dry rooms.
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