2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Scientists called the Jerusalem artichoke and sunflower hybrid the Jerusalem artichoke. The unique plant has collected all the best quality traits from its parents. Created in the forties of the last century, it is still used in agriculture today. What are the valuable qualities of this culture?
Chemical composition
In the aboveground and underground parts of the Jerusalem artichoke contains a lot:
• carbohydrates;
• complete proteins;
• mineral substances;
• vitamins;
• fiber (30%);
• dry matter;
• fat (tubers);
• calcium;
• phosphorus;
• polysaccharide (inulin - 90% fructose).
This set determines the great value of root crops, green mass. It is useful for humans and animals as food.
Advantages
The new hybrid has undeniable advantages over its close relatives:
1. High biological plasticity.
2. Versatility of application.
3. Stable annual large harvest.
4. Waste-free production.
5. A rich set of nutrients, valuable substances.
6. Medicinal properties.
7. Longevity (grows in one place for many years without reducing the yield).
8. Cold resistance.
9. Unpretentiousness to living conditions.
10. Drought resistance.
11. Compact nesting arrangement of stolons.
12. Evenness of tubers in size.
13. Suitability for use in crop rotations.
14. Wide area of cultivation (goes far to the north).
All of the above factors make it an indispensable crop for many sectors of agriculture.
Application
Jerusalem artichoke is used for fodder, food, technical purposes. It is suitable for all kinds of animals: rabbits, piglets, cows, goats, horses, chickens. Increases milk yield. Provides vitamins to livestock. The hybrid is indispensable in the spring, when the nutritional value of autumn harvesting decreases, the feed runs out.
In animal husbandry, silage, vitamin-herbal flour, and hay are prepared from the above-ground part. In a milled form, the stems with leaves are used for green fertilizer.
Casseroles, vitamin salads, side dishes, soups are prepared from tubers. It tastes like fresh hazelnut with a slight sweetness to the pulp.
Decorators successfully apply hybrid, creating a picturesque hedge along the border of the site, near the fence. It perfectly protects from dust, gives the territory the coziness of a rustic style.
Medicinal properties
Jerusalem artichoke is useful for people suffering from diabetes, due to the content of inulin. It lowers blood pressure well, removes toxins, radionuclides, increases the amount of hemoglobin, fights vitamin deficiency. Freshly prepared juice lowers acidity in the gastric region, softens stones in the bladder.
Stems, leaves are harvested for the winter in dried form. Decoctions, infusions are prepared from them. Outwardly helps with burns, psoriasis.
Before using Jerusalem artichoke as a medicine, you must consult a doctor. Eating too much tubers can cause flatulence in the intestines.
Culture requirements
Frost-resistant plant. In spring, greens can withstand temperatures down to -5 degrees. Tubers in winter are stored in the soil up to -40 degrees, under snow cover. They can freeze and thaw several times without losing their beneficial properties and quality.
Drought-resistant. It grows well on fertile, cultivated loose loam, sandy loam with neutral soil acidity. The soil is heavy, highly moist, acidic, and salty, not suitable for the plant. Stagnant water on the site does not tolerate well, being affected by fungal, bacterial diseases.
Feels satisfactory in the northern regions. Productivity is higher in the south.
We will consider the methods of growing and propagating an unusual hybrid in the next article.
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