2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The red spot of the plum, called polystygmosis in science, affects not only the plum, but also the cherry plum. Also, sometimes cherries, thorns and almonds can suffer from it. Trees affected by this disease noticeably weaken and are characterized by a significant decrease in winter hardiness. Also, flowers with ovaries fall off. Polystygmosis is especially widespread in the southern regions. In susceptible varieties, leaf infestation often reaches 60 - 70% or more
A few words about the disease
When infected with a red spot, light red or yellowish spots begin to form on both sides of the plum leaves. Gradually, as this scourge develops, all the spots noticeably thicken, turning into shiny spots of a bright red hue, in connection with which this disease is also called a burn and coccomycosis. On the falling leaves, the specks darken strongly and take the form of small pads. And in the second half of summer, black little pycnidia form on these spots - spores form in them.
If the year is characterized by abundant spring precipitation, then by the middle of summer the plum leaves dry out en masse, thereby provoking early leaf fall.
The causative agent of this fungal disease most often hibernates in fallen leaves, as well as in the form of perithecia in dense stromas. And its active distribution is often noted after heavy rainfall in early May. After every rain, harmful spores are released into the air. Subsequently, these spores are carried by the wind to healthy leaves, thereby provoking their infection. The full development of the fungus takes about one and a half months.
It is noteworthy that old plum leaves are practically not susceptible to polystygmosis - most often this ailment affects young leaves. Accordingly, the most dangerous in terms of infection will be the period of the beginning of bud break, as well as 40 - 45 days after it.
How to fight
For cultivation, it is best to select plum varieties that are resistant to polystygmosis. Ochakovskaya white, Hungarian arzhanskaya, Renclaude Briangston, Renclaude reform, Renclaude Franz Joseph, Renclaud Altana and Renclaude green are relatively resistant to it. But such varieties as Hungarian Averbakha, Hungarian Wangenheim, Hungarian ordinary, Bogatyrskaya, Domashnyaya and Oposhianka are affected by polystygmosis quite strongly.
Fallen foliage should be systematically collected under garden trees, since mushroom spores are almost always hibernated there. By the way, fallen leaves can be eliminated by deep plowing them into the soil. You should also dig up the soil in the near-trunk circles. The introduction of mineral fertilizers is also a good measure.
In gardens infected with polystygmosis, trees are sprayed with copper sulfate or nitrafen (for ten liters of water - 300 g of nitrafen) in substantial quantities. The soil is also abundantly sprayed. Such eradicating spraying gives the greatest effect in early spring before small buds bloom.
After the plum has bloomed, you can immediately apply Bordeaux liquid - for ten liters of water it is taken 100 g. If the disease develops quite strongly, then spraying is carried out after the flowering of the plum in fifteen to twenty days. In this case, all spraying rules should be observed. Other copper-containing preparations can serve as an alternative to Bordeaux liquid. Also, a solution of copper oxychloride, drugs called "Kuprozan", "Hom" and "Tsineb", as well as fungicides "Topaz" and "Skor" have proven themselves quite well. Spraying with these means must be handled before the trees start bearing fruit.
Some gardeners note that spraying plum trees with garlic decoction is a good helper in the fight against polystygmosis. And before the sap flow begins, you can still spray the soil and trees with a urea solution (700 g of urea is diluted in ten liters of water). Such treatment will also help to eliminate hibernating pests.
Recommended:
White Spot Of Gooseberry And Currant Leaves
White spot, otherwise called septoria, actively attacks gooseberries with currants in the summer. Red currant is affected by such an unpleasant ailment to a lesser extent compared to black. The harmfulness of septoria is quite high, especially in the southern regions - dead tissue on infected leaves often reaches 20 - 50% of their total surface. This disease, in addition to the massive drying of the leaves, also causes their premature fall. And for sick shoots, it is characteristic
Subcutaneous Viral Spot Of Pear
Subcutaneous viral spotting of pears contributes to a significant decrease in pear yield. In addition, quince with apple trees (most often in a latent form) can also suffer from this unpleasant ailment. Fruits of pears with hard and convex formations are the result of their defeat by subcutaneous viral spot. It is often not possible to get rid of this scourge, therefore, special attention should be paid to preventive measures in order to prevent the occurrence of such an unpleasant ailment
Brown Spot Of Tomatoes
Brown spot, otherwise called cladosporium, affects not only tomatoes - it also causes a lot of harm to potatoes and other plants from the Solanaceae family. The spread of such an infection occurs through contaminated soil, as well as plant debris and seeds. If you do not fight this scourge, you can not expect a good harvest
Brown Spot Of Strawberry Leaves
Brown spot affects strawberry leaves almost everywhere. This is a very dangerous ailment that provokes the rapid death of a huge number of bushes of fragrant strawberries. Since this harmful attack mainly attacks old leaves, its stronger manifestation occurs during the fruiting period of mid-season and late strawberry varieties. The massive development of the disease contributes to the defeat and early death of a rather solid part of the leaves, which in turn significantly reduces the productive
Diseases And Pests Of Plum: Plum Gall Mite
The plum gall mite causes irreparable harm to the plum with thorns. However, almonds and peaches often suffer from its invasions. Near the bases of the shoots of the first and second years, reddish-brown galls gradually form, subsequently acquiring the same shade as the shoot bark. Gradually growing together, the galls fold into rather large growths, inside which ticks quickly settle. Often, in the habitats of these harmful insects, the yield is halved. And with the secondary
