2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The Moorish Turtle is found literally everywhere in Russia. Most often, it damages cereals, barley, rye and wheat, and slightly less often - corn, oats and millet. Larvae with bedbugs are very harmful to crops - the damage they cause has an extremely negative effect on the grain and its baking qualities. Especially serious harm is caused by parasites to underdeveloped crops in the spring, piercing the bases of still immature stems
Meet the pest
The Moorish Turtle is a bug that belongs to the family of turtles, and belongs to the genus of turtles.
The imago and larvae of the Moorish turtle have an external resemblance to the Austrian and harmful turtle. The difference between them is only that the little body of the Moorish turtles is somewhat smaller - its length is from eight to eleven millimeters. The body of these pests is oblong, brownish and broadly oval, and their triangular heads are slightly inclined and equipped with a pair of medium-sized compound eyes, as well as two ocelli on the crown. The lateral margins of the pronotum of the parasites can be either slightly concave or straight, and their clypeus do not protrude beyond the apex of the zygomatic plates, forming a common continuous line with them. On the sides of the abdominal segments of the Moorish turtles, small black spots can be seen. Wide and slightly rounded at the tops shields of gluttonous parasites cover both the wings and the abdomen as a whole.
The larvae of the Moorish turtles are initially spherical and colored in a rich lemon color. After a while, they darken. And the spherical eggs of pests, reaching a diameter of 1 mm, are characterized by a greenish color.
Wintering of adults takes place mainly in forests under fallen leaves. They get out of wintering places closer to the end of April. Bed bugs that need additional nutrition immediately begin to colonize perennial cereals. Moorish turtles are distinguished by an open way of life, and in search of food they are able to make significant flights.
Harmful parasites mate in May, and eggs are laid in June, at the very beginning of the month. Eggs are laid by pests in regular rows in droplets of secretions. Each row contains ten to fourteen eggs. Ovipositions can most often be found on the stalks and undersides of the leaves. Embryonic development takes from twelve to fourteen days, and the larvae develop on average four weeks, having time to overcome five instars during this time.
The successful development of the Moorish turtle is possible only on cereals. At the same time, the bugs of the new generation, along with the larvae of older ages, often feed on the contents of the seeds of most dicotyledonous plants. On the territory of Russia, the Moorish turtle is diffusely distributed, and in the fields of grain crops its number is usually not too large.
Only one generation of the Moorish turtle develops per year. Its larvae develop much longer than the larvae of the harmful turtle. Also, Moorish turtles lay their eggs about seven to ten days later than harmful turtles. About the same time later, the revival of the larvae of these pests occurs, as well as the flight of bedbugs to the vending places of wintering.
The grains damaged by the Moorish turtles become puny, and also have unimportant baking properties and low germination. And if pests get into flour during threshing, then it acquires an unpleasant taste and a yellowish tint. And bread baked from such flour negatively affects people's health.
How to fight
The systematic destruction of weeds, autumn plowing in the fall, and early harvesting are the main measures for the control of the Moorish turtles.
If the number of parasites is too high, it is allowed to use chemical remedies aimed at destroying adults and larvae. The most commonly used insecticides are Mavrik, Fosbecid, Karate, Fury, Actellik, Decis, Fastak and Danadim. Preparations must be periodically alternated so that the Moorish turtles do not have time to develop immunity.
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