2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
An ordinary mosaic, in addition to cucumber, often attacks cabbage and beans with dill. It can also attack parsley, peppers, lettuce and tomato. This is the most harmful kind of mosaic. The growth of the crops attacked by it is significantly inhibited, their internodes are gradually shortened, the bases of the stems often crack, and the area of leaves and the number of flowers decreases. As a rule, this attack is found mainly in greenhouses, however, in the territory of the Voronezh region, it can also be encountered in open ground. If you do not take timely measures against the harmful mosaic, you can lose a good half of the crop
A few words about the disease
The first signs of a harmful ordinary mosaic can be observed even on seedlings. They manifest themselves in the form of zonal chloroticity and pronounced mosaicity, as well as in wrinkling and curvature of young leaves noticeable to the naked eye. As the disease develops, the leaves begin to wrinkle, and their edges turn down. And some time later, the leaves acquire a mosaic color, which is characterized by the presence of shapeless alternating dark green and light green areas.
If the air temperature is low, then the fruits on unhealthy plants quickly acquire a mosaic variegated color, and in most cases they are bent and wrinkled. All areas of dark green color begin to alternate with yellow on them. Cucumber flowers dry out under unfavorable conditions (a sharp cold snap and a number of other factors), the stems are vitreous, and as a result, infected crops wither.
The causative agent of this ill-fated scourge is a very harmful virus called Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), whose virions are spherical. The infection enters the cucumber plantings mainly from neighboring areas with weeds or vectors. And about seventy varieties of aphids, including ordinary potato, as well as greenhouse and melons, carry the harmful disease. In plant juice, the ill-fated virus is very unstable, and when composting post-harvest residues, it is inactivated within two months. During the winter, the pathogen remains in the roots of the host perennials (quinoa, woodlice, bindweed, sow thistle, and others).
How to fight
Growing resistant hybrids such as Pasalimo, Othello, Ofix and Pasadeno is considered an excellent measure against common cucumber mosaic. Hybrids such as Pasamonte, Semcross and Octopus have also proven themselves well. There are also tolerant hybrids: Arina, Verenta, Lord and Zozulya. It is advisable to use a sterilized or well-composted substrate for growing cucumbers.
It is not recommended to grow any pumpkin crops in the vicinity of greenhouses - they often turn out to be sources for the preservation of the virus. To destroy a superficial infection, before sowing, it is advisable to treat the seeds with potassium permanganate or a solution of trisodium phosphate (for each liter of water - 15 g), in which the seeds are usually soaked for an hour. And, of course, seeds for planting should be taken only free from infection.
Weed vegetation must be destroyed not only throughout the season, but also in the off-season, since it is a possible reserve of infection. It is also important to actively combat aphids throughout the growing season. The drug "Aktara" is well suited for this purpose. And if cucumbers are regularly tied with twine, then every year you need to try to use a new twine. As for watering, cucumbers should be watered only with warm water. It is equally important to maintain optimal temperature conditions in greenhouses.
If the ill-fated attack on the cucumber plantings nevertheless manifested itself, its spread can be limited by spraying with ten percent skim milk. Such spraying is carried out every ten days, two to three times. Also during the growing season, cucumber plantings are sprayed with a drug called "Farmayod-3".
Recommended:
Cabbage Mosaic
Cabbage mosaic affects different types of cabbage - kohlrabi and collard, Savoy and white cabbage with Brussels sprouts. This viral disease does not bypass a number of other cabbage plants belonging to the family - rutabagas, turnips, horseradish and radish with radish. If cabbage seedlings are affected by the ill-fated mosaic in the early stages, the losses will be especially great. Therefore, when growing seedlings, you should be especially vigilant
Pepper Mosaic
Pepper mosaic is a fairly common disease. In addition to pepper, celery, potatoes, beans, clover, peas, sweet clover, beans and an impressive amount of weeds can also suffer from it. Heavily infected crops are characterized by oppression, develop very poorly, and sometimes even die. With a defeat in the early stages of seedlings, losses are especially large. The situation is significantly complicated by the fact that getting rid of viral diseases is extremely difficult
Raspberry Mosaic
Raspberry mosaic is a dangerous viral disease that is far from always amenable to treatment. The symptoms of this ailment are especially pronounced at the very beginning of summer, as well as with the onset of late autumn. Infected raspberry bushes are characterized by rather weak fruiting, and the berries become tasteless, tough and woody. As a rule, such berries are unsuitable for consumption. Despite the fact that infected raspberry bushes rarely die, fully recover from the ill-fated
Gooseberry Mosaic
The gooseberry mosaic is also called vein border. Berry bushes affected by this disease practically do not grow and bear fruit very poorly. Aphids are considered the main vector of gooseberry mosaic, therefore, the fight against harmful insects must be included in the complex of measures to prevent this scourge. And, of course, it is equally important to follow the basic rules for growing this crop
English Mosaic Of Cucumber
English, or green speckled mosaic is characterized by a highly specialized pathogen virus and is found mainly in protected ground. This is what makes it different from an ordinary mosaic. Weak deformation of the leaves, their mosaicism and slight lightening of the veins - these are the main symptoms of this ailment. In order to save the crop of crispy cucumbers, it is important to timely identify the ill-fated attack and get rid of it in time
