2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 15:51
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Latin name: Viburnum Family: Adox Headings: Fruit and berry crops, Medicinal plants |
Viburnum (lat. Viburnum) - berry culture; perennial shrub of the Adoksovye family. Previously, the genus belonged to the Honeysuckle family. Under natural conditions, viburnum grows in the subtropical and temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere, North America, Europe and Asia. Currently, there are about 150 species.
Characteristics of culture
Viburnum is a deciduous, rarely evergreen shrub or tree up to 4 m high. Winter buds are covered with scales or bare. Leaves are simple, whole, lobed, opposite, sometimes whorled, serrated edges, have stipules, located on petioles.
The flowers are white, creamy white or pinkish in color, collected in large brushes. The inflorescence is simple or complex, umbellate or corymbose. The calyx has five small teeth attached to the ovary. The corolla is bell-shaped or wheel-shaped, with a narrow and elongated tube. The fruit is a drupe, red, black or yellow, slightly flattened.
Growing conditions
Viburnum is a light-loving plant, it develops well in open sunny areas, although in the shade it gives good yields of berries. Slopes are suitable for growing plants, which is associated with a dense root system. Kalina prefers moderately moist, deep, fertile soils with a neutral or slightly acidic pH reaction. Some varieties are good for strongly alkaline soils. It is not advisable to grow a crop on peat, sandy and podzolic soils. Most types of viburnum are highly frost-resistant.
Reproduction and planting
Viburnum is propagated by seeds, green cuttings and layering. Sowing seeds is carried out in early spring. The seeds are preliminarily subjected to long-term stratification. Amateur gardeners rarely use this method of reproduction, since seedlings appear only after 1, 5-2 years. The berries on the seed-grown viburnum are small and very bitter.
Cuttings are harvested in late June - early July. Cut the stalk so that at least 3 knots remain on it. The length of the handle should be 10-12 cm. The cut must be made oblique, the leaves on the handle are removed. Before planting cuttings for rooting, they are treated with growth stimulants, for example, "Kornevin". Then the cuttings are planted under a film or in a greenhouse filled with a soil mixture consisting of garden soil, peat and well-washed river sand. The optimum temperature for rooting is 27-30C and humidity is 70%. For the winter, rooted cuttings are covered with sawdust or peat. A transplant to a permanent place is carried out next spring. After 2-3 years, young plants bloom.
When propagating by layering, low-lying annual shoots are placed in pre-prepared grooves, sprinkled with soil, it is advisable to carry out this procedure in early spring. Important: the tip of the shoot should be located just above ground level; wire can be used to hold it. By autumn, roots and buds appear on the layers, which subsequently give new young shoots. Then the germinated layers are cut off from the mother shrub and transplanted to a permanent place.
Saplings are planted both in spring and autumn. Planting holes are prepared in advance, its depth should be about 40-50 cm and width 50. The distance between plants should be 2.5-3 m, depending on the variety. The third part of the pit is filled with a soil substrate consisting of the upper earth, humus, peat and mineral fertilizers (urea, wood ash and dolomite flour). It is worth remembering that the ash is brought in in such a way that the roots do not come into contact with it. The seedlings are placed in a pit, sprinkled with soil, watered abundantly and mulched with peat. The root collar should be deepened by a maximum of 4-5 cm.
Care
Viburnum is moisture-loving, for normal growth and development it needs regular and abundant watering. Water the plants in the evening. Top dressing is carried out twice a year: the first - in early spring before the beginning of the growing season, the second - before the leaf fall. Ideal for this purpose are: urea, potassium sulfide, wood ash and rotted humus or compost. If urgently needed in the summer, you can add a small dose of complex mineral fertilizers.
Culture requires systematic weeding and loosening in the near-stem zone. No less important for shrubs is sanitary and rejuvenating pruning, which is carried out in December-January or in spring, according to the swelling of the buds. Sanitary pruning consists in removing frostbitten, diseased and broken branches, and rejuvenating pruning - in removing old branches at a distance of 20 cm from the surface of the earth.
Application
Viburnum is a highly decorative plant that fits perfectly into gardens made in any stylistic direction. They use the culture in group and mixed plantings, to create hedges and as tapeworms. Low-growing varieties are often used in rocky gardens and rock gardens. Viburnum goes well with other coniferous and deciduous shrubs, including: maple, linden, birch, rowan and spruce. In winter, the plant does not lose its decorative effect, since the berries do not fall off in autumn and hang until the birds peck them.
Recommended:
Viburnum Ordinary
Viburnum ordinary is one of the plants of the family called honeysuckle, in Latin the name of this plant will sound as follows: Viburnum opulus L. As for the name of the family viburnum itself, in Latin it will be like this: Caprifoliaceae Juss.
Insatiable Viburnum Leaf Beetle
The viburnum leaf beetle begins to attack the viburnum closer to the end of spring, as well as at the very beginning of summer. This gluttonous pest often eats up all the leaves, leaving only bare veins, as a result of which gardeners often have to cut down their favorite fruit trees. To avoid such losses, you need to get to know the viburnum leaf beetle better - as they say, you need to know the enemy by sight. After all, if the number of pests is too high, the shoots will ripen very badly, which in
Viburnum Canadian
Viburnum Canadian (lat.Viburnum lentago) - a species of the genus Kalina of the Adoksovye family. It occurs naturally on river banks, forest edges and rocky slopes in eastern Canada. Most often it grows in tandem with coniferous and deciduous trees.
Viburnum Forked
Viburnum forked (lat.Viburnum furcatum) - a species of the genus Kalina of the Adoksovye family. Natural range - Korea, Japan, Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. In nature, it grows mainly on forest edges, on mountain slopes, in forests and undergrowth of mixed, birch and coniferous forests.
Viburnum Wrinkled
Viburnum wrinkled (Latin Viburnum rhytidophyllum) - a species of the genus Kalina of the Adoksovye family. Asian, presumably Western and Central China. It is a frost-resistant species, is not popular in culture, although it deserves attention as an ornamental culture, has original foliage, and is suitable for landscaping Russian parks and gardens.
