2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
White rot, developing rapidly, attacks many varieties of plants. Very often it affects cabbage growing on heavy loamy soils, harms the harvest of onions and garlic, and also causes significant losses of carrots. It is no less dangerous for tomatoes, cucumbers, beans and peas. In order not to lose the harvest, this disease should be actively combated
A few words about the disease
The causative agent of this disease is the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Infection with white rot occurs mainly through the soil - it is from there that the pathogen penetrates into the lower parts of the stems. To a large extent, the wind also helps it spread. Failure to comply with watering norms can increase the risk of disease. Also, the introduction of too much nitrogen-containing fertilizers can become a provocateur of the development of white rot. A sharp manifestation of the disease can be observed with sharp temperature changes and high humidity, as well as at a relatively low air temperature (about 12-15 degrees).
When white rot appears, the tops of the plants begin to fade, and the lower parts of the stems begin to rot. The lower leaves, having become infected with the disease, become watery and discolored, from time to time covered with a bloom of white. On the cuts of the stems, one can observe an impressive size of black formations - this is nothing more than the sclerotia of the fungus. It is worth noting that they can easily form on the surface of the stems. The strongest manifestation of white rot is observed on nitrogen-rich and acidic soils.
How to deal with adversity
For preventive purposes, it is necessary to maintain an optimal humidity regime, since with an increase in it, the likelihood of damage by white rot increases significantly, because high air humidity is a fertile soil for the development of a fungus.
Indoor plants exposed to the fresh air should be moved indoors when prolonged wet weather is established in the summer, since fungal spores can be transmitted downwind at great speed.
Calcining the soil before planting is a good preventive measure - fungal spores can be found in it in huge quantities. You can spill the soil with a manganese solution or boiling water. Acidic soils are additionally limed. It is also necessary to monitor the state of the inventory used. All equipment and clothing for work must be periodically disinfected.
It is worth paying attention to such a measure as the regular alternation of different crops during crop rotation. Presowing seed dressing can also do a good job. Plant debris should always be removed from the beds and weeds should be weeded regularly.
When storing vegetables, in order to avoid the appearance of white rot, they are powdered with chalk, choosing only healthy specimens for storage.
Foliar dressings are also welcomed in order to prevent infection with white rot, as well as better rooting of vegetation: 10 g of urea, 2 g of copper sulfate and 1 g of zinc sulfate are taken for 10 liters of water. Vegetation should be inspected every ten days for the appearance of white rot.
The affected areas on the vegetation are treated with a pink paste made from potassium permanganate with chalk and water. In case of severe lesions, diseased plant tissues should be removed, partially capturing part of healthy tissues. It is better to remove too much diseased plants completely, throwing away the soil, and then thoroughly treat their location with an antiseptic.
Among the fungicides recommended for use are: Euparen multi SP, Rovral SP. Good results can also be obtained with timely spraying of plants with fungicides containing copper sulfate (these are Abiga-Peak, Oxyhom, Bordeaux mixture, Hom, etc.). It is impossible not to mention the systemic contact fungicides of the combined type. These new generation agents have an antispore-forming, therapeutic and protective effect: Skor, Previkur, Acrobat MC, Profit Gold, Fundazol, Ridomil Gold MC, Ordan, etc. Such drugs are recommended to be alternated every season.
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