2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The hawthorn circle moth lives almost everywhere and damages not only hawthorn - its range of taste preferences also includes pears with apples, plums, cherries, quince, birch, mountain ash and peach. Caterpillars of the hawthorn moth moth are considered especially harmful, forming rounded mines, reaching about a centimeter in diameter and covered with concentric circles of dark brown excrement on the upper sides of the leaves. For this, the spectacular pest received another name - the mug-miner. If you do not start the fight against these villains in time, you can lose a pretty solid part of the harvest
Meet the pest
The hawthorn moth is a butterfly with a wingspan of 6 to 7 mm. The front wings of these spectacular pests are gray in color. Near the tops of the wings, along their inner edges, there are light specks, distinguished by a mirror shine and shaded with black broader specks on both sides. Also, from the tops of the wings along the fringe, there are three little black strokes. The hind wings of the hawthorn circle moth are also grayish, and their legs, abdomens and breasts are covered with tiny grayish scales.
The size of oval light gray and concave pest eggs is approximately 0.28 mm. And caterpillars, which grow up to 5 mm in length, are painted in gray-green tones and are endowed with brownish heads. As for the pupae, they are light gray in color and are placed in white and fairly dense diamond-shaped cocoons.
All pupae overwinter in the middle of fallen leaves in cocoons, as well as in cracks in the bark and under peeled bark. At the beginning of April or closer to the middle of the month, the flight of butterflies starts, the summer duration of which is from 34 to 37 days. Eggs are laid by females mainly on the undersides of the leaves, but sometimes they can also be observed on the upper sides of the leaves. On average, the total fertility of each female reaches fifty five to sixty eggs.
The embryonic development of harmful parasites at temperatures from twenty-three to twenty-four degrees takes about nine to ten days. Caterpillars hatching from eggs, without appearing on the surface of the leaves and gnawing small holes at the bases of the eggs, go deep into the leaf tissues. On average, caterpillars develop from twenty to thirty days, and fifteen to eighteen days are quite enough for individuals of summer generations. Caterpillars of both spring and summer generations often pupate on leaves, and caterpillars of the last generation move for this purpose under fallen leaves, in cracks in the bark and under peeled bark. They also spend the winter there.
During the growing season, three generations of pests have time to develop in the forest-steppe, and as many as four in the south. The mass appearance of mines of the first generation is observed after the apple trees have faded. If the density of populating the leaves of the hawthorn circle moth is about eight to ten pests for each leaf, premature leaf fall begins, leading to a significant decrease in both the quality of the crop and its volume.
How to fight
To cope with the invasions of the hawthorn moth, before flowering, fruit trees are treated with insecticides such as Metathion, Cyanox, Chlorophos, Phosphamide, Zolon, Nexion, Metaphos and Karbofos. It is also important to know that most of these drugs have a pronounced effect only when fighting young caterpillars.
Before buds begin to bloom on the fruit trees, spraying with "Oleocobrite" or "Nitrafen" can be carried out. It is also important to collect caterpillar colonies in a timely manner along with their spider nests and immediately destroy them.
Treating the hawthorn moth moth is also helped by processing with an infusion of bitter pepper. To prepare it, take a pound of dry and a kilogram of fresh red pepper for ten liters of water. The infusion is boiled for an hour on a slow flame, and then insisted for another day. The finished concentrate is bottled and stored in a cool, dark place. And immediately before the treatments, 40 g of laundry soap and 125 g of the prepared concentrate are consumed for every ten liters of water. Such spraying is carried out every ten to fifteen days.
With the onset of autumn, it is necessary to rake up the fallen leaves, thoroughly dig up the soil under the tree crowns, whitewash the trunks and clean the tree bark from dead particles and mosses.
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