2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Beet rust is a rather dangerous disease. The leaves of the beets affected by this ill-fated disease gradually die off, which in turn contributes not only to a decrease in the volume of the harvest, but also to a decrease in the sugar content of root crops. Rust attacks especially beet plantings when humid and warm weather is established. And its development is favored by a temperature ranging from ten to twenty degrees
A few words about the disease
Approximately in May-June, on the leaves of seedlings and testes attacked by rust (more precisely, on their lower sides), the formation of unpleasant orangey spots begins, which may have an irregular shape or be rounded. Such spots are densely covered with pathogenic pads, and their diameter often reaches from 2 to 6 mm. With solid lesions, the spots can merge.
In the summer, all the pads are painted in brownish shades and often provoke mass infection of growing crops. And the spores in them are able to persist in winter on seed glomeruli, plant remains and on uncut stems of mother beets. Such spores begin to germinate with the onset of spring, immediately causing contamination of crops. In this case, the main part of the symptoms often manifests itself closer to the end of the growing season.
The causative agent of beet rust is a pathogenic fungus that overwinters in the form of spores on beet leaves. In addition, spores often persist at the base of the petioles on the heads of mother beets. Therefore, when cleaning root crops, it is recommended to cut the petioles. Can become a source of infection and seeds.
In beets attacked by rust, the process of photosynthesis is disrupted, and transpiration and respiration are noticeably increased, which in turn contributes to the premature death of the leaves. Ripening pustules of the fungus tear the epidermis of the leaves, thereby contributing to the formation of lacerated powdery wounds, which almost always leads to impaired assimilation of plants and a decrease in their drought resistance. Infected cultures spend a huge supply of plastic substances and energy on scarring the resulting wounds. As a result, the productivity of growing beets is often reduced.
Most often, rust attacks beets in a complex of various leaf diseases; as an independent disease, it appears extremely rarely. It is also noteworthy that in the case of late infection, the volumes of beet lesions are significantly reduced.
How to fight
Perhaps the most basic measure to combat beet rust is to eliminate foci of the wintering pathogen - for this purpose, it is necessary to collect all post-harvest residues from the site. When growing beets, it is recommended to first of all pay attention to the less susceptible to rusting hybrids and varieties.
Deficiency of various nutrients can be considered as one of the causes of rust damage to beets. In this situation, it is advisable to feed the growing root crops with the necessary microelements. In order to eliminate iron deficiency, spraying with iron sulfate is carried out, with a lack of manganese, a solution of potassium permanganate will become an excellent assistant, and with a lack of zinc, beets are sprayed with a weak solution of zinc sulfate. The solution is usually prepared for every ten liters of water, one to two grams of the desired trace element. By the way, most micronutrient fertilizers dissolve in water with great difficulty, so it is first recommended to dilute them with a small amount of warm water, and after that the volume of liquid is brought to the required level.
Plants affected by rust can also be treated with insecticides, for example, the "Impact" preparation.
And when digging up the mother beets, all root crops on which rust symptoms are found are rejected and used for processing.
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