2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Rust is one of the most harmful and widespread diseases of beautiful mallow. Rust is especially common in the second half of the growing season. True, in some years, the manifestation of this unfortunate misfortune can be observed already in the third decade of May (most often this occurs in the Ukrainian forest-steppe). The second year mallow is most affected. If you do not start fighting rust in time, you will obviously not have to rejoice in beautiful flowers for a long time
A few words about the disease
Rust especially strongly affects mallow buds, as well as its leaflets and leaf petioles. The disease that manifests itself on the leaves is a particularly serious danger. It will not be difficult to diagnose the first signs of a harmful misfortune on the leaves: on the upper sides of the leaf blades, the formation of tiny yellowish and slightly depressed chlorotic specks begins. And to make sure that this is really rust, it is important to examine the undersides of the leaves - if there, under the yellowish spots, brownish tubercles, which are the pathogen's heliopustules, are found, it means that the plant is indeed affected by rust.
In case of severe damage, mallow leaves gradually die off and dry out quickly. By the way, rust often spreads to stalks with petioles. Mallow, attacked by it, is stunted and severely deformed.
Mallow rust is caused by a pathogenic fungus called Puccinia malvacearum, which grows rapidly on host plants in an incomplete cycle. The main type of sporulation of this fungus is harmful teliopustules with teliospores, which can germinate without much difficulty without previous overwintering. During the growing season, the pathogen spreads with the help of basidiospores, which are formed during the germination of harmful teliospores in the basidium. They are carried mainly by air. And the main source of infection is pathogenic teliospores settling on plant debris.
As a rule, rust progresses with thickened plantings and in fairly wet weather.
How to fight
In order to prevent mallow rust, one should not neglect the main agrotechnical measures. The crops on the site must be alternated, returning the beautiful mallow to its original places only after three years. And for sowing it, it is necessary to use only high-quality seeds from healthy plants, having selected the varieties that are most resistant to rust in advance.
The introduction of good phosphorus-potassium fertilizers also helps to increase the resistance of mallow to rust. Lack of potassium is one of the main reasons for the development of this harmful scourge. Another great way to prevent a pathogen from growing is to prevent planting from becoming thick. In this case, the moisture on the leaves of the mallow will dry out much faster.
Sick leaves must be cut off in a timely manner. Also, during the growing season, infected plants are treated with the drugs "Abiga-Peak" or "Topaz". It is perfectly acceptable to use the well-known Bordeaux mixture. And with a weak lesion, you can spray it with a fungicide containing miclobutanil.
As soon as the plants infected with rust have faded, they must be cut at the soil level, and then all the fallen leaves around them should be collected and immediately destroyed. In addition, it will be necessary to destroy the nearby plants belonging to the Malvaceae family, since they are all excellent reserves of infection.
In the autumn, when the growing season comes to an end, it is necessary to collect and promptly destroy all the remains of plants so that the pathogens of the ill-fated disease cannot persist on them in winter.
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