2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Ussuri pear (lat. Pyrus ussuriensis) - fruit crop; a species of the genus Pear of the Rosaceae family. Natural habitat - the Korean Peninsula, Northeastern China, the Russian Far East and Siberia. Typical habitats in nature are forest edges, mountain slopes, river valleys and other areas with nutritious soils.
Characteristics of culture
Ussuri pear is a deciduous tree up to 15 m high with a dense wide or spherical crown and a trunk covered with uneven dark gray or almost black bark. Young shoots are glabrous, yellowish-gray or reddish-brown; with age, they acquire a yellowish-brown color. The leaves are glabrous, dark green, glossy, ovate or rounded-ovate, cordate or rounded at the base, ciliate-serrate along the edge. The underside of the leaves is matte. In the fall, the foliage turns crimson red.
The flowers are white, fragrant, collected in multi-flowered inflorescences, sitting on short stalks. Fruits are medium-sized, greenish-yellow, oblong-rounded or rounded, have a slight, barely noticeable constriction at the calyx, equipped with a short peduncle. The fruits ripen in August-September. The Ussuri pear is not distinguished by its rapid growth. The average life expectancy is 70-75 years. From one tree 20-25 years old in a productive year, you can get up to 30-40 kg of fruits.
The subtleties of growing and care
The Ussuri pear, like other representatives of the genus, prefers well aerated, loose, neutral or slightly acidic, fertile soils. Drainage is welcome. Trees feel defective on heavy clayey, saline, strongly acidic, alkaline, waterlogged and poor substrates. The location is preferably sunny or semi-shaded. In the dense shade, the plants practically do not bloom and, accordingly, do not bear fruit. In addition, in such areas, they are often affected by pests and diseases.
Ussuri pear seedlings are purchased only in specialized nurseries. Saplings 2-3 years old are optimal. The size of the planting pit: 60 * 80 cm or 70 * 100 cm. The soil mixture is made up of sod land, peat and river washed sand in a ratio of 2: 1: 1. The root collar is not buried; when planting, it is placed 7-10 cm above the soil surface. Before planting, rotted manure or humus, superphosphate and potassium chloride are introduced into the pit. In the future, pears are fed once every 2-3 years. Regular watering is necessary in the first three years of life, in the future, one abundant watering per month is enough. During a long drought, watering is carried out every 15-20 days. Ussuri pear responds positively to loosening and mulching.
The culture is often affected by various pests, especially if the growing and care conditions are not followed. The most dangerous among them are spider mites, leaf rollers, leaf weevils, false scutes and aphids. If intruders are found on the trees, it is necessary to immediately treat with herbal infusions, and in case of global damage - with insecticides. Preventive treatments are not prohibited. Diseases of the sad Ussuri are also not bypassed; these include perforated spot, scab, black spot and powdery mildew. All these diseases pose a danger to plants, and if not treated properly, they can lead to death.
Young trees need shelter for the winter. The soil in the near-trunk zone is mulched with peat, sawdust, humus and any other organic material. The stems and main branches are tied with spruce branches, burlap or other non-woven material. Immediately after the snow melts, the shelter is removed. The crown of trees requires regular formative and sanitary pruning. When pruning, thickening branches are removed and shoots are shortened. The second procedure promotes the formation of new shoots. When shortening, the cut is made over the kidney. Old trees are pruned to rejuvenate. After rejuvenating pruning, plants need more careful care, or rather, systematic watering and feeding.
Application
The fruits of the Ussuri pear have good taste characteristics. Jam, jam, kvass, compote and other canned products are prepared from the fruits. Fresh pears are very beneficial for the human body, they are rich in vitamins, fiber and minerals. Dried fruits are used in folk medicine. The Ussuri pear is considered a valuable ornamental tree; it is often used for landscaping gardens, parks and squares.
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Pear
© subbotina / Rusmediabank.ru Latin name: Pyrus Family: Rosaceae Headings: Fruit and berry crops Pear (Pyrus) - fruit crop; a genus of trees belonging to the Rosaceae family. Description A pear tree is represented by a tree with a pyramidal or rounded crown prone to thickening.
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Opuntia (Latin Opuntia) - a genus of thorny plants of the Cactaceae family (Latin Cactaceae). There are about two hundred species in the genus Opuntia, being the largest plant community in the prickly Cactaceae family. Its juicy oval "
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