2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Do you dream of young apple and pear trees growing in the garden, but did not have time with planting in the fall? No problem! Saplings will take root perfectly if planted before bud break at the end of April. And we still have two or three weeks left to prepare the site for this important event
Layout and layout of the garden
A successful planting is impossible without detailed planning of the placement of plants in your garden. Suppose your country house already has a garden path, or you know exactly where it will be equipped. An irrigation pipeline is laid along it. Seedlings of fruit trees should be placed no closer than 3 m from the garden path.
When the size of the plot is not too spacious, but there is a desire to grow vegetables in addition to fruit and berry crops, the seedlings are planted in 2 rows, and the row spacing is adapted to the beds. Experienced gardeners practice vegetable and berry crop rotation here. While young seedlings are growing up, four beds of a strawberry plantation and the same number of vegetable beds get along well between them.
How to prepare a planting hole for seedlings
The size and depth of the hole determines both the type of trees selected and the composition of the soil in your area. First of all, you need to determine how high the water table is. If it is located within 1-1.5 m from the surface of the earth, it is better not to set up an orchard in this place. It is also undesirable to place trees in those areas where sod land was previously laid with a layer thickness of about 0.5 m.
The pits are prepared:
• for pears and apples - about 60 cm deep, at least 1 m wide;
• for plum and cherry seedlings - depth 40 cm, diameter - about 80 cm.
If in the areas selected for planting you notice that the top layer of the earth has been removed, you will have to work a little more in order to dig a hole wider and deeper by about 10 cm. In addition, in this case, you will need to fill it with turf soil with a slightly larger amount of required nutrients.
How to fill the soil
When placing seedlings, there is no need to fertilize the entire garden area. It is enough to restrict ourselves to feeding into the pit - so the seedling will be provided with the necessary nutrition in an optimal form for a long time.
Fertilization rates are different for different crops. It is important to remember that stone fruits will need about a third less than the amount of dressing that is taken for pome fruits:
• from organic fertilizers, apple trees need 20-30 kg, and cherries - 10-20, respectively;
• phosphoric - 200 and 140 g each;
• potash - 50 and 35 g each;
• wood ash - 1000 and 700 g each, etc.
It is preferable to use well-decomposed organic fertilizers. They are mixed with earth to fill the planting pit. Poorly decomposed manure, unripe compost will not do any good and will only harm the fragile roots. Once in the deep layers of the earth, and without access to oxygen, the decomposition processes are inhibited and hydrogen sulfide with ammonia is released, which harms the seedlings. As a last resort, such raw materials can be used for mulching.
Potash and phosphorus fertilizers are first poured into the pit at the very bottom, mixing them with an equal amount of earth. In no case is nitrogen introduced during planting - it negatively affects the survival rate of seedlings in a new place.
Owners of areas with sandy soils should try to reduce the high permeability of the soil. For this purpose, the planting hole is filled in layers, alternating a 20 cm layer of earth with 5 cm of matured compost. A layer of peat or the same compost is placed on the bottom. In this case, phosphorus and potash fertilizers are added not to the very bottom, but to the next layer of soil.
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