2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Autumn sowing helps to unload sowing activities in spring, to get an early harvest. Are these expectations justified? Consider the pros and cons of winter sowing, possible mistakes and what you can sow in the fall
There are many crops that do not lose their germination during autumn sowing. In order for the seeds to survive a frosty winter in the ground and sprout in spring, certain rules must be followed.
To plant or not to plant before winter
Novice farmers, knowing the positive and negative aspects of winter planting, can make a choice whether to carry out such activities. First, let's get acquainted with the positive side:
• harvesting a couple of weeks earlier;
• obtaining strong hardened plants;
• reduction of spring sowing work;
• if seedlings did not appear, you can sow in the finished bed again;
• vegetables grow of better quality, greens are juicy.
Now two negative points:
1. large consumption of planting material, germination is reduced by 30-50%;
2. winter thaws, lack of snow cover, lead to freezing of plantings.
From the listed points it is clear that there is more positive. It is important to choose the right seeds, adhere to agricultural techniques, and meet the deadlines for work.
What to sow in autumn
All thermophilic and capricious species are excluded. For winter sowing suitable cold-resistant: fennel, sorrel, sage, Chinese cabbage, rhubarb, lemon balm, salad mustard, dill, horseradish, katran, etc. I will list 10 garden crops with good germination in spring.
1. Carrot Nelly; Touchon; Flakke; Vitamin-6; Nectar; Incomparable; Nantes-4; Moscow Winter; Monastic; Dobrynya; Nantic; Olympian; Shantane 2461.
2. Parsley Eagle; Yielding; Alba; Bordovician; Carnival; Breeze; Common leaf; Bogatyr.
3. Parsnip Culinary; Student; Russian size; Round; Frigate; White stork; Jam.
4. Bow Ellan; Red Baron; Bamberg; Danilovsky; Radar; Arzamassky; Sturon; Stuttgarten Riesen; Shakespeare; Bessonovsky, Centurion; Kip-Well. Nigella of any kind.
5. Radish White Nights; Blue frost; Torero; Rose Red; Zlata; Persistent; Icicle.
6. Spinach Boa; Victoria; Matador.
7. Red Salad; Yellow Berlin.
8. Garlic purple-striped.
9. Dill Gribovsky.
10. Cold-resistant beets-19; Winter; Egyptian Flat; Podzimnyaya-474 (seedlings of all varieties are afraid of frost, need a film shelter).
When to sow vegetables before winter
The survival rate of the planting material and the percentage of germination depend on the correct time. A common mistake is early sowing, haste ends with the emergence of seedlings, which will safely die from frost.
For autumn sowing, the time is chosen when the earth has already cooled down, the daytime temperature does not rise above + 5 … + 7, and at night it is freezing. In the middle lane, this is the end of October-November. The soil should not freeze and remain loose. The optimum ground temperature for sub-winter sowing is + 1 … + 5 (measurement depth 5 cm).
Winter sowing rules: step by step instructions
You can prepare a bed in advance, but no later than 2 weeks before the "sowing" one. Take care of the covering material before work. Familiarize yourself with the selected variety in order to properly maintain the distance between the grooves (information is on the packaging bag).
1. Level the bed, make grooves. The depth depends on the type of culture, usually 1.5-3 cm.
2. Dry seeds are spread evenly along the entire length of the furrow. The sowing density, in comparison with spring, increases by 1.5 times (correction for low germination).
3. Backfilling is done with loose soil (peat, rotten compost).
4. The bed is mulched (10-15 cm layer) with straw or spruce branches, fallen birch leaves, non-woven / spandbond. Lightweight material is fixed with boards, rebar scraps, stones.
5. After the snow melts, the shelter is removed.
6. In the presence of rare shoots, bald patches are sown. If the sprouts have not appeared by mid-May, proceed to a new sowing.
Tips for Beginner Farmers
For winter sowing, you need to equip a garden bed, where melt water does not stagnate. The place must be protected from the wind. In a draft, snow is blown out, no natural shelter is formed. The soil can be prepared in September, it is advisable to add organic matter: 1 bucket of compost + a glass of ash per sq / m (compost can be replaced with rotten manure).
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