2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Among the many flowers, the daylily (krasnodnev) occupies a leading position. In recent years, the fascination with "royal" specimens is at the peak of its popularity. Achievements of breeders delight with bright colors, bizarre shapes of inflorescences. Drawings on the petals are reminiscent of the masterpieces of world artists
Advantages
Beautiful daylily bushes have undeniable positive qualities:
• unpretentious to living conditions;
• require a minimum of time for leaving;
• have been growing in one place for more than 15 years;
• long flowering period;
• rarely affected by diseases, pests;
• have increased frost resistance;
• keep decorativeness all season;
• a wide variety of shades and shapes of inflorescences;
• goes well with other cultures, has a peaceful "character", does not show aggression towards neighbors;
• easily reproduce by dividing the bush, quickly restoring its original volumes.
This is not a complete list of the benefits of growing Krasnodnev in flower beds.
Biological features
Cord-like thick, fleshy adventitious roots extend from the base of the bush in all directions. The supply of nutrients, moisture, accumulated inside the tissues, helps the plant to easily endure the dry conditions of the summer months.
Two-row leaves of saturated green hue are located in one plane, form "fans", collected in basal rosettes. They have a broad-linear, elongated structure, descend in arcuate cascades to the ground or grow straight up.
Flowers consist of 6 petals, forming a funnel-shaped shape. The colors, the size of the buds vary depending on the variety (6-30 cm). The greatest size is distinguished by hybrids under the general name spiders. The length of the petal in such specimens is several times its width. Powerful arrows (from 0.3 to 1 m) bear several buds at the ends, opening gradually.
Each flower blooms for just 1 day. Their number on adult bushes is so great that continuous flowering lasts 3-4 weeks. Having picked up varieties with different periods, you can admire beautiful specimens for 2-3 months.
With successful pollination by insects, in rare cases, a fruit is formed. The triangular box inside consists of partitions filled with black, shiny seeds.
Varieties
According to the natural characteristics of life, daylilies are divided into:
1. Sleeping (deciduous). In the fall, before wintering, the leaf plates dry up, the plants go into dormancy until spring.
2. Evergreens. They differ in a short hibernation period of 2-3 weeks. It hibernates with greens, in which, in rare cases, the tips are frozen over, which does not affect the buds near the root collar.
3. Semi-evergreens. They occupy an intermediate niche between the first two options. In the northern regions, the leaves turn yellow, growth does not stop completely, they behave like deciduous. In the south, they show properties closer to evergreen specimens.
The first option is more frost-hardy in cold climates.
Genetic inheritance
Wild forms and the first generation of Krasnodnev had a diploid set of chromosomes (22 pieces). In the fifties of the last century, artificially breeders with the help of the drug colchicine achieved a doubling of the set.
Tetraploids (44 chromosomes) differ from their predecessors:
• dense, fleshy flower structure;
• large, brightly colored buds;
• more pronounced corrugation along the edge;
• embossed middle part of the petals;
• a large number of buds on one branch;
• powerful dense leaves;
• thick, high flowering arrows.
More than 80% of varieties belong to the tetraploid group. Every year new hybrids are becoming more beautiful, more interesting than the previous generation.
For example, I will give a photo of a daylily, which is a diploid.
Below is a snapshot of a representative of the new group with a double set of chromosomes.
The naked eye can see the different texture of the inflorescences.
We will consider the purchase of planting material, the correct landing in the next article.
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