2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Lupine yellow (lat. Lupinus luteus) - a flowering herb from the genus Lupine (lat. Lupinus) of the legume family (lat. Fabaceae). Lupine yellow is a European plant, choosing for itself the countries of the Mediterranean, including Italy, where since ancient times its beans have been a popular daily food. Today they are eaten mostly pickled as a snack.
Description
Herbaceous annual plant up to 60 cm high with pubescent stems. The lower part of the plant is highly branched.
Separately-palmate leaves are formed by lanceolate or oblong-ovate leaves, of which there are from 7 to 9 pieces. Outwardly, such a leaf resembles a fan, with flirtatious naughty shoulder blades scattered at a greater distance from each other than is typical for fans. Each such leaf-blade is covered with thick hairs on both sides, making the lightness of a green natural fan heavier.
For the first two summer months, the plant is decorated with inflorescences of yellow bisexual fragrant flowers, which are pollinated by bees.
Pollinated flowers turn into densely hairy beans, inside which are flattened, rounded kidney-shaped seeds with all kinds of color, from yellowish and pink to dark purple.
The edible fruit of lupine yellow
Roasted seeds of Lupine yellow are an excellent substitute for coffee beans, moreover, they can be grown in your own summer cottage.
Like other legumes, they are easy to prepare, while being rich in vegetable protein, which is more beneficial for the human body than animal protein.
Powdered seeds of Lupine yellow are mixed with flour of cereals and baked bread and other bakery products. Such products, again, contribute to the good functioning of the human digestive organs.
If you come across Lupine varieties with bitter seeds containing toxic alkaloids, then you can successfully get rid of the bitterness by soaking the seeds in cold water. In the process of soaking, the water should be changed two or three times until all the bitterness leaves the seeds. Then the seeds are boiled and various hearty dishes are prepared from them.
In the first half of the 20th century, the German botanist and breeder Reinhold von Sengbusch (Reinhold Oskar Kurt von Sengbusch) developed a method for the determination of alkaloids in lupine plants (yellow lupine, white lupine and narrow-leaved lupine) in order to select species with a low content of bitter alkaloids. Successfully selected, he was able to transform a wild plant with bitter seeds into a cultivated plant with sweet seeds, from which the healing and edible lupine oil could be obtained.
Similar work is being successfully carried out by breeders in Australia, where today Lupine is becoming a popular source for the manufacture of foods rich in plant proteins.
Growing
Cultivated Yellow Lupins are grown as annual plants. In the wild, where you have to take care of your own well-being, they can be long-term, up to four years living in one favorite place.
Lupine yellow prefers places open to the sun's rays, and is in no hurry to grow in the shade of other plants or buildings.
For successful growth in the wild, the plant chooses sandy light soils, or soils of volcanic origin. In culture, in general, it is unpretentious to soils, it can grow on depleted soils, poor in organic matter, simultaneously healing them, saturating them with nitrogen. Therefore, the gardener often uses the services of Lupine yellow, using it as a siderat.
The soil should be moist, but not soggy. Excessive dampness can provoke fungal root diseases, which ultimately lead to the death of the plant.
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