2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Scab is a rather unpleasant disease of beets, which can be encountered almost everywhere. It is especially unpleasant in that growing root crops can infect as many as three varieties of scab. Beetroot roots attacked by a harmful disease are characterized by woodiness and an increased nitrogen content, which significantly reduces the sugar yield and significantly impairs their processing. Also, the infected fruits become strongly compacted, lose their commercial qualities and are much worse stored in the winter. The good news is that too serious scab lesions are extremely rare
A few words about the disease
Beetroot roots can infect three types of scab: pimple, girdle and ordinary. The causative agent of pimple scab is the bacteria Bacillus scabiegenum Stapp. In this case, the infection occurs through the lentils. And the development of girdle and common scab is provoked by such actinomycetes as Actinomyces Nigrificans Woll., Act. Cretaceous Krassil. Act. Scabies Cussow and some others.
Pimpled scab
Initially, this type of scab appears on beet roots in the form of wart-shaped growths. And some time later, dark brown or almost black numerous ulcers form on them. The affected areas often merge, forming rather large spots in the upper parts of the roots or on the necks.
In general, the symptoms of pimple scab vaguely resemble those of potato cancer. The roots respond to infection with incredibly active cell proliferation, leading to the formation of a huge number of cork-like cells.
Calcareous soils are especially favorable for the development of pimply scab. To a large extent, its development is also facilitated by the introduction of manure. And green fertilizers will help to restrain the development of the unfortunate misfortune.
Belt scab
Ring constrictions can be observed near the root necks affected by belt scab. In this case, some waviness is characteristic of the affected tissue surfaces. Most often, this type of scab is found on beets that have been ill with root eaters. And the intensity of damage to beets is in direct proportion to the type of infection and climatic conditions.
With a particularly strong development of the belt scab, grooves of impressive depth appear on the root crops, gradually penetrating into the tissue of the roots. This, in turn, can provoke rotting of growing crops in case of damp weather.
Common scab
This is the most severe form of the ill-fated disease. Such scab can appear on absolutely any part of the root. It usually manifests itself in the form of dark brown colored superficial scab-like crusts or cracks, which heal rather quickly and gradually become covered with cork tissue. As a rule, all damage is rather shallow. This type of scab develops especially strongly in those areas where straw manure was applied in excessive quantities. To a large extent, the development of common scab is also favored by non-observance of crop rotation, over-calcareous soils, as well as dry warm weather.
The causative agent of this type of scab is various types of streptomycetes, the most important of which is Streptomyces scables. As a rule, a huge number of streptomycetes nest in the soil.
How to fight
In areas where beets are grown, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules of crop rotation. Beets should not be grown after predecessors prone to scab infestation (in particular, after potatoes). And all plant residues must be promptly eliminated from the plots.
If the first signs of scab are found, the beet plantings are sprayed with a Bordeaux mixture or with preparations such as "Abiga-Peak", "Oxyhom" and "Kartotsid".
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