2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The fruit goose is literally ubiquitous and rather polyphagous: its range of taste preferences includes cherry and cherry trees, as well as peaches with apricots. In addition, this pest often affects plums with thorns and pears with apple trees. The development of these cunning parasites is interesting in that one-year generation is characteristic of one part of the individuals, and two-year generation for the other. If you do not start a timely fight with them, you can lose a substantial share of the harvest, since the damage caused by fruit geese almost always leads to the development of rot
Meet the pest
Fruiting goose is a beetle that grows up to 4 - 6 mm in length and is painted in black-raspberry tones with a slight violet-greenish sheen. The tarsi, antennae and rostrum of the parasites reaching a length of 7-10 mm are colored dark purple, and their entire body is covered with dark, sparse hairs. The width of the heads of fruit geese exceeds their length, and the length of the pronotum is equal to their width. As for the elytra, their length exceeds the width, and they themselves are equipped with regular shallow grooves.
The size of the milky white oval eggs of fruit geese ranges from 0.9 to 1.2 mm. The legless larvae, growing from 7 to 9 mm in length, are slightly curved and painted in yellowish-white tones. And their heads are always dark brown. The length of the white pupae with a yellowish tinge is 6 - 9 mm. All of them are covered with sparse hairs, and the last segments of their bodies are equipped with chitinous forks.
Larvae overwinter in the soil, and immature bugs - under fallen leaves and in cracks in the bark. In the spring, when tiny buds begin to swell, and the average daily temperature is six to eight degrees, the bugs rise into the tree crowns and start feeding there. And their exit from the wintering sites ends before the apple trees bloom. Six to eight days after flowering, the fruit geese mate and start laying eggs. In fruit ovaries, females gnaw holes up to 2 - 3 mm deep. At the bottom of these holes, eggs are subsequently placed, covered with excrement and stubs. And next to the chambers for eggs, enterprising females gnaw out the second chambers, damaging the skin and introducing pathogens of destructive fruit rot into the pulp of the forming fruits. After the eggs are laid, the females gnaw the stalks, as a result of which the falling of the fruits is noticeably accelerated. The total fertility of each female reaches two hundred eggs, and the average life span of harmful bugs is from sixty to eighty days.
The oviposition process in fruit geese usually ends closer to the second half of June, and in the forest-steppe zone - approximately at the end of July. Eight or nine days later, voracious larvae revive from the eggs, feeding on decaying fruit pulp. If the fruits do not begin to rot, then the larvae quickly die, and in those places where the eggs were laid, extremely unpleasant cork warts form.
The larvae feed for twenty five to thirty six days. After this time, they leave the fruits and move to a depth of eight to sixteen centimeters into the soil, where they subsequently pupate. At the same time, about 50% of the larvae developing in the fruits of apple trees pupate, and in the fruits of the plum - over 80%.
About sixteen to eighteen days after pupation, bugs can be observed. Getting to the surface, they feed on young shoots, fruits and buds until late autumn. And as soon as the cold weather sets in, cunning parasites go to wintering places. The harmful larvae remaining in the ground enter diapause, and they pupate in July or in August of the next year.
How to fight
It is important to try to collect decaying fruits in a timely manner and promptly destroy. In late autumn, after the foliage has fallen, as well as during the period of mass pupation of the larvae, a thorough cultivation of the soil is carried out.
If there are seven to eight bugs for each fruit tree, insecticide treatments begin. Such treatments give the best effect at the stage of bud separation.
The method of traps has also proven itself well - in early spring, near the tree boles, trapping belts of straw or any other materials are placed, which are pretreated with insecticidal preparations. These traps usually operate throughout the growing season.
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