2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Breeding is a fun activity for people with an inquisitive mind and healthy curiosity. The result is always unpredictable, but interesting. What can be obtained from the source material?
Studying the experience of long-standing breeders, I decided to start creating new daylily hybrids myself. I still have few varieties, but I already have the first results. Several boxes of my future pets were tied up.
For a successful result, you need to shoe yourself with theoretical knowledge. Read the relevant literature. If possible, talk to experienced breeders. Which I did. As a result, I discovered a lot of interesting information.
It turns out that daylilies are divided into two groups according to the set of chromosomes. The bulk of the old varieties are carriers of 22 units. Modern representatives have a quantity twice as large. When crossed interspecies, they do not form seeds. Therefore, it is necessary to use varieties only within these groups with the same set of chromosomes.
More varied forms are obtained from an increased number of genes. Complex combinations increase the possibility of variation in a single pollination. How the chain will last depends only on Mother Nature and the original parental forms.
Such hybrids are distinguished by maximum performance: powerful bushes, huge inflorescences, intense, bright color of the petals.
Crossing dark and light colors gives an advantage in inheriting more saturated tones. Sometimes they mix to form something in between. For example, a combination of yellow and red can result in an orange color.
The mother plant is responsible for vegetative characteristics: resistance to adverse factors, the number of buds, the strength of growth, branching of the peduncle. Paternal - conveys quality indicators (bud size, color intensity, expressive "eyes", corrugated edge, "teeth"). Therefore, a more beautiful specimen is selected for dad.
To avoid disappointment, for a start, they make up pairs with parents similar in color:
• red with purple, red, pink;
• yellow with orange, cream, yellow;
• pink with peach, lavender, red-pink;
• daylilies with a dark eye in the center with the same.
Corrugated border is the predominant feature. Her presence is desirable for both parents. Then the offspring will have it more dense than the original material.
For the best result, it is enough to purchase 5 varieties of very beautiful daylilies. Combining them with each other, get no less interesting shapes. Nondescript, cheap specimens will give the same mediocre offspring.
Do not be upset if very beautiful hybrids do not turn out the first time. As the practice of experienced breeders shows, outstanding "children" are obtained from 2-5% of the total mass of seeds. The rest repeat the parental forms in various combinations.
For example, I will give the results of one cross.
Take a look at the first photo. Before us is a new hybrid.
On the second is the mother flower.
The third is the father's copy.
The new plant has taken all the best from the parental forms. The brightness of the main color from the mother. Expressive "eyes", large size from the dad. It turned out to be a real masterpiece, worthy to decorate the collection of the most discerning buyer.
If you wish, you can come up with a name for your "pet" and register it with the MOOL (Interregional Public Organization "Daylilies"). To do this, you must provide all information about the source material, photographs, description and other characteristics.
The emergence of your own varieties will open up new perspectives for you in the development of daylily breeding. Each time you start pollination, you will wait for the results with bated breath. Practice and personal experience will be the best allies in this work. I hope that the process of creating new hybrids will help you realize your dreams.
Practical work on pollination of daylilies, storage of pollen and seeds will be considered in the next article.
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