2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Photo: Iakov Filimonov / Rusmediabank.ru
In the middle lane, and especially in the zone of risky farming, it is very difficult to grow a large harvest of heat-loving crops. This process is handled well by various types of greenhouses. With a competent location on a site saturated with soil mixture, good ventilation, proper watering and crop rotation, the greenhouse will delight you with an unforgettable harvest of tomatoes, peppers, eggplant and cucumbers.
A greenhouse is a protective structure in which seedlings of annual flowers, various cabbage are grown, and in the future they continue to grow tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers and other thermophilic crops. There are greenhouses with heating with electricity or solid fuel, and natural heating from the sun's rays. Currently, the most common greenhouses are covered with cellular polycarbonate, as well as glass and plastic wrap. Place structures in a north-south direction for better illumination. The surface must be absolutely level, no slopes are allowed. In the greenhouse, it is necessary to ensure good air circulation, that is, the presence of not only doors, but also vents. If the length of the greenhouse is more than four meters, vents on the roof are also desirable. The design for drip irrigation has proven itself well, but it is also possible in the “old fashioned” way - barrels of water.
The key to a good harvest is, first of all, the soil. Greenhouses are filled with peat, garden soil and sod from forests. The best food for the soil is manure, but not fresh, but fermented, decomposed to a state of humus. Good nutrition - compost from grass cuttings, kitchen waste, seedless weeds, vegetable tops. If desired, add mineral fertilizers.
In greenhouses, two or three beds are formed, located along, the paths between them are covered with opaque material (black film, linoleum, rubber) or laid out with tiles. It is necessary to achieve minimal fluctuations in the temperature regime outside and inside the greenhouse. A good source of bio-heating is the creation of warm beds. For them, they use improvised organic materials and manure, horse manure is rightfully considered the best, giving a high decomposition temperature. The optimum temperature in the daytime in the greenhouse is 23-25 degrees, at night 15-17.
Without proper watering, it is impossible to achieve a good result when growing vegetables in greenhouses. A good rule of thumb is that the water for irrigation should be at the same temperature as the soil in the greenhouse. The best watering is right under the root of the plant. Afterwards, it is advisable to mulch the ground with mown grass, cardboard, newspapers. In the spring, the soil in the greenhouse is spilled with a hot raspberry solution of potassium permanganate or phytosporin.
For growing seedlings of early crops, racks with plastic containers can be installed in the greenhouse. As soon as the massive melting of snow begins and, according to forecasts, low subzero temperatures are not expected, seeds of various types of cabbage, beets, and annual flowers are planted in these containers. Cover with glass or non-woven fabric.
It is not recommended to grow tomatoes and cucumbers at the same time in the same greenhouse due to the different growing conditions. Tomatoes love dry air and frequent ventilation, while cucumbers are shown moist air and no drafts. Some gardeners get out of the situation by planting tomatoes in the central garden bed opposite the doors, peppers and eggplants on the sides, and cucumbers in the corners in the most windproof place. It is good to alternate, for example, to grow tomatoes and eggplants in one year, peppers and cucumbers in another.
After the last harvest, remove the remains of tops, weeds. Dig up the soil. Wash the greenhouse with a saturated soda solution with the addition of laundry soap, removing dirt, soil, and at the same time, washing away pests and their larvae and nests from the polycarbonate. Rinse the beams well in the greenhouse, because they can also contain harmful insects and disease spores. Plant mustard or oats in your garden beds. In late autumn, mow and leave in the same place. In winter, throw snow into the greenhouse.
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