2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Plum is undemanding to growing conditions, so caring for it is to protect it from pests. We will tell you how to do this effectively using specific examples
Leaf roll
Small butterfly 2 cm with narrow, elongated wings and a small pattern. Caterpillar 2 cm long is greenish-yellow or grayish with a brown head. If disturbed, she falls down and hangs on the spider web. Then, along it, it rises back to the crown.
It develops 1 generation per year. Hibernates in the egg phase. In the spring, hatching caterpillars feed on the buds, then move to the leaves, folding them in the form of a tube and fastening the edges with a cobweb.
The lifestyle is hidden. It also pupates there. The butterfly flies out after 14 days, makes a shingle-like egg-laying on the leaves and bark of the trunk.
Control measures:
1. Catching butterflies using fermented molasses bait in containers inside the plum crown.
2. Application of infusions of bitter pepper, tobacco, henbane.
3. Treatment with biological preparations entobacterin, acarin or chemical - "Inta-vir", "Iskra" in the phase of bud formation and after flowering.
Hawthorn
A butterfly with white wings and black veins, in a span of 6 cm. The body is black. Caterpillars are 4.5 cm long, covered with dense and short hairs. There are black and orange stripes along the back. The head is black, the abdomen and sides are gray.
Produces 1 generation per year. It is very harmful on the drain. Hibernates in the phase of an adult caterpillar, several pieces in one nest of dry leaves hanging on a cobweb in the crown of trees.
They come out of their nests early. They feed on the buds, later on all other parts of the plant. Pupate on twigs in early June.
Butterflies appear in July, fly only during the day and feed on nectar on flowers. Eggs are laid on the leaves in heaps. The hatched caterpillars do not creep, live in groups. During feeding, leaves skeletonized, fastening them with a cobweb and preparing nests for wintering.
Control measures:
1. Winter nests are collected and burned in autumn or early spring.
2. In the spring, shaking off caterpillars on oilcloth, collection and destruction.
3. Spraying with biological preparations entobacterin, dendrobacillin or chemical - "Iskra", karbofos in the budding phase and at the beginning of July.
4. Application of infusions of chamomile, hellebore, wormwood, larkspur.
Cherry shoot moth
Damages both cherries and plums. In some years, crop losses are up to 90%.
A small butterfly with a wingspan of 10 mm. The front wings are brownish-reddish with a dark stripe and white spots. The hind ones are pale gray with a long fringe. Caterpillar 0.6 cm long is yellowish-greenish with a black head.
Hibernates in the egg phase. Gives 1 generation. In the phase of swelling of the buds, the emerging caterpillars gnaw holes and settle in them. The buds stop growing and dry up.
Then they move to the leaves and buds, gnawing them. The damage is pulled together by a cobweb, where it leaves its secretions. After that, the caterpillars gnaw through the bark and go inside the shoots, forming passages.
At the end of the plum flowering, they go into the surface layers of the soil, forming a cocoon. The butterflies appear in early July. They love to fly in the evening and in calm weather. In August, females lay 1 egg each in lesions of the bark near the buds on young shoots.
Control measures:
1. Dig up soil in the near-trunk zone in mid-June to destroy pupae and caterpillars.
2. The use of biological preparations of dendrobacillin and entobacterin immediately after flowering or chemical preparations - karbofos, "Inta-vir" twice: in the budding phase and the budding period.
3. Spraying with infusions of bitter pepper, tops of tomatoes, wormwood, henbane.
4. Kindling fires from wet garbage at night before dawn, onto which 5 kg of tobacco dust is poured on top. Effective against butterflies.
We will get acquainted with bark beetles in the next article.
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