2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Kivsiak is one of the main pests of vegetable crops grown in greenhouses. These worm-like creatures live in the soil and are polyphagous. These parasites often enter greenhouses together with manure. The harm from kivsyaks lies in their damage to the underground parts of the stems and the root system of various vegetable crops - on these parts of the plants, pests gnaw out small sores. Plants affected by these centipedes wither and gradually die off. The volume of vegetation eaten by each kivsyak per day is on average one and a half times its weight
Meet the pest
Kivsiak is endowed with a rather thin cylindrical body, on both sides of which there are warts and sparse bristles. The body length of these voracious worm-like centipedes ranges from 7 to 15 mm. Depending on the age and type of parasites, the color of their body can be very diverse: white, yellowish, olive, brown, black. On each segment of the bodies of the kivsyaks there are two pairs of legs.
Reproduction of kivsyaks occurs by laying eggs in the soil. Larvae differ from adults only by a smaller number of legs. Both adults and larvae overwinter in the soil. Kivsaki also live in the soil, trying to be located in layers with a very moderate level of moisture.
How to fight
All manure must be checked for the presence of these gluttonous parasites before being brought into greenhouses. At the same time, it is recommended to abandon fresh straw manure altogether, since it greatly contributes to the reproduction of kivsyaks. Weed control and removal of plant debris and other debris should also be carried out regularly.
Before planting, it is recommended to treat the seed and soil with a solution of potassium permanganate - this treatment will help prevent rotting processes caused by various crop diseases and thereby significantly reduce the nutrient base for garden parasites. Also, the seeds are etched with pyrethroids or karbofos, for which they are laid out on a flat surface with a thin layer and evenly treated with a sprayer or watering can. When the seeds are dry, you can start planting them.
At the end of the growing season, the greenhouse substrate is thoroughly disinfected by chemical or thermal methods. In late autumn, deep plowing of the land is carried out - heat-loving kivsyaks begin to die under the influence of low temperatures. Some gardeners recommend liming the soil with dolomite flour, eggshells, lime, ash or chalk.
One of the most useful for the earth way of dealing with kivsyak is planting green manure. As the harvest progresses, the garden is sown with white mustard. Besides the fact that the pests will be very unhappy, the quality of the land on the site will significantly improve.
A good effect is the use of dry insecticides. These include "Thunder-2", "Zemlin", "Pochin". Each of them is based on diazinon in various proportions. "Counter", a strong powdery insecticide, has also proven itself well. The soil can also be treated with liquid insecticides ("Karate", "Decis", "Fury"). Treatment with solutions of chloride salts will be more environmentally friendly - they should be introduced into the soil in the evenings, when gluttonous parasites begin to get out of their shelters.
A good measure of control is the use of poison baits, which are made from chopped root crops or potatoes and insecticides. Also, between vegetable plantings, boards can be laid out, under which the kivsaki are happy to hide in dry weather - moisture stays under them longer. Instead of planks, you can use creeping grass, tops, heaps of debris, tiles and pebbles. All parasites found under such shelters are collected and destroyed.
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