2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Lemons belong to that magical category of plants, the seeds of which germinate very easily and develop quickly in indoor conditions. The plant itself is very beautiful, emits a pleasant aroma and becomes a bright interior decoration. But the reason for the frustration of the owners of such "wild animals" is the long wait for the appearance of fruits, which ultimately remains futile or lasts 10-15 years before its first flowering. After all, in order for a plant grown in room conditions from a stone to fructify quickly and successfully, a lemon must be grafted
Features of grafting citrus fruits
To inoculate a lemon grown from a seed, you need to take a stalk from another, already adult, fruiting tree. The stalk must have certain characteristics. A too young tender shoot is not suitable for this. It is necessary to take ripe twigs of this year, which have already stopped growing, with rather tough leathery leaves. It is permissible to take cuttings from the tops not only from annual shoots, but also from two-year-old branches.
The length of the cut cutting should be about 10 cm, the thickness - up to 5 mm. On each there are no more than 5 leaves, which are cut off, leaving petioles on the handle, in the axils of which buds peep out.
The inoculation is carried out on a tree grown from a seedling, which has already turned 2 years old. If the plant is much older, this is not a big deal. But then pruning needs to be carried out more dramatically in order to slow down the growth of wild boar shoots, and in the future - to form a crown from the grafted culture. Young trees are grafted on a bole. And on older plants, the buds can be grafted on branches.
Vaccination technology
Lemon grafting is carried out with the buds collected from the cuttings. To do this, they are cut with a paw - a piece of bark from the cutting. This operation is carried out with a sharp object so that the cut is as even as possible. The petiole from the leaf is also left - it is necessary to control the quality of the vaccination. On the scion, a part of the twig from the skin is exposed with a sharp blade, cutting off the bark so that this place is covered by the foot on the kidney. You can tie the kidney to the inoculation site with soaked bast, a piece of winding, and a narrow latex tape.
It is better to start work by exposing the planting place on the tree for the bud, so that it can be immediately attached to the plant. It is not advisable to put the cut kidney on the table with the cut down, touch it with your hands or otherwise clog it. During the vaccination process, you need to carefully monitor that the kidney is looking up.
Lemon care after vaccination
On average, the vaccination takes 5 days. All this time, it is necessary to carefully remove from the plant all newly emerging shoots of the wild, so that the plant directs the main force to the new bud. If, after two weeks, the petiole falls off or easily separates from the touch, this is a good sign - it means that the vaccination was successful and the kidney took root.
You need to tie the vaccine tightly enough. After three weeks, when the kidney swells, the bandage is made weaker. The improvised bandage is removed when the sprout from the bud becomes about 10 cm long. After that, the branches are trimmed above the grafting. The cut is made obliquely and processed with garden pitch.
To prepare a garden varnish you will need:
• rosin - 20 g;
• wax - 10 g;
• fat - 5 g.
All ingredients are heated over low heat and mixed thoroughly. Use chilled.
Vaccination can be carried out not only with kidneys of the same variety. One rootstock can be grafted with buds of lemon, orange, tangerine. Only in this case, older specimens are used, grown from seeds, on which branches have already formed - they will serve as a place for grafting.
The grafted plants will bloom in the second or third year after the operation. While in the wild, this moment can be expected for decades.
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