2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The plum moth is an almost ubiquitous pest that damages cherries and cherries, honeysuckle, cherry plum with plums, buckthorn, apricot, hawthorn and berries. Malicious caterpillars actively skeletonize and eat the leaves of fruit crops, thereby causing irreparable harm to the future harvest. To prevent the invasion of gluttonous parasites, it is important to start a timely fight against them
Meet the pest
The plum moth is a charming butterfly with a wingspan of 40-50 mm. The front wings of these fruit lovers are quite wide and triangular in shape, and their hind wings are slightly rounded. In males, the wings are painted in a rich ocher-orange color, while in females they are usually light, beige. The size of the males is always smaller than the size of the females. Both have wings framed with yellow or light orange fringes and are decorated with a bizarre pattern in the form of numerous transverse lines of dark brown color. However, there are a great variety of color options for plum moths.
The size of oval yellowish eggs of plum moths ranges from 0.5 to 0.8 mm. Caterpillars growing up to 40-60 mm in length are characterized by gray color with small brownish stripes. On the eighth segments of their bodies, there are rather sharp tubercles, and on all other segments, the tubercles are very small. And the heads of the voracious caterpillars are decorated with funny horns that resemble tiny twigs. The tips of the bodies of dark brown pupae are colored reddish, and their size ranges from 17.2 to 18.5 mm. The integument of the pupae is markedly sclerosed and very dense, and their large cremasters are slightly rounded in the middle part.
Caterpillars of the third and fourth centuries overwinter between the leaves, braided with thin cobwebs. Closer to the last decade of April, they begin to feed on blossoming buds and leaves. And in the last decade of May, pests pupate - they pupate on the soil surface, in spider cocoons located between the leaves. In ten to fifteen days, the flight of butterflies starts (as a rule, it is observed approximately from mid-June and lasts mainly until August). In the daytime, butterflies are located in the middle of fallen leaves or in tree crowns on the lower sides of the leaves. And with the onset of dusk and at night, they begin to show unprecedented activity.
After mating, harmful females lay eggs on the undersides of the leaves - most often they place them in small groups. The total fertility of each female is about two hundred and fifty eggs. In about ten to twelve days, voracious caterpillars will begin to revive. Having eaten enough and having reached the third or fourth centuries, they go to winter until next spring. And the overwintered caterpillars subsequently continue to develop until the end of May. During the year, only one generation of plum moths has time to develop. By the way, at the stage of larvae of plum moths can be easily confused with hawthorn or winter moths.
Most often, these pests are found in Mongolia, Central and Western Europe, Japan, Korea and North China, and their favorite habitats are wastelands and forests. And on the territory of the Russian Federation, plum moths are also quite common.
How to fight
In the fall, the soil must be cultivated both in the near-trunk circles and in the aisles. And in the last decade of May, when the caterpillars begin to pupate, it is also recommended to loosen the soil well.
If there are four to five caterpillars for every square meter of branches, the trees begin to be treated with high-quality biological products or more effective insecticides.
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