2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Felt cherry (lat. Cerasus tomentosa) - berry culture; a representative of the genus Plum of the Rosaceae family. Natural area - Mongolia, China and Korea. Today, the cherry variety in question is widely cultivated in North America and some European countries. In Russia, it is grown mainly on personal household plots.
Characteristics of culture
Felt cherry is a shrub or small tree up to 3 m high with several powerful trunks and a dense, broadly ovate crown. The leaves are dark green, pointed at the end, oval, strongly corrugated, pubescent on the inside, sitting on short gray felt petioles. In the fall, the foliage becomes yellowish or reddish. The flowers are white, white-pink or pink, fragrant, up to 3 cm in diameter.
Fruits are oval or rounded drupes, when ripe they become red or scarlet-red, located on short stalks. The berries have a pleasant, sweet and delicate taste, sometimes with a slight sourness. Felt cherry blossoms in May, fruits ripen in June-July. Flowering, like fruiting, is abundant. Up to 15 kg of berries can be harvested from one adult bush. The culture enters fruiting 3-4 years after planting. Felt cherry is often used as an ornamental plant. Plants are distinguished by their unpretentiousness, drought resistance and winter hardiness.
Today, a huge number of varieties of felt cherries are presented on the garden market. Among them, the following are most common: Alice, Altana, Belaya, Delight, Vostochnaya, Virovskaya, Children's, Beauty, Summer, Oceanic, Fairy Tale and Princess. All of these varieties can boast of high yields and decent taste characteristics. Important: felt cherry is a self-fertile plant (not capable of pollination), therefore, it is recommended to plant at least 2-3 varieties on the site.
Growing conditions
Felt cherry is unpretentious to soil conditions, but it develops more actively and bears fruit more abundantly on light, well-drained, moderately moist, sandy loam or loamy soils. The culture of peat, waterlogged, heavy clay, compacted, swampy and saline soils does not accept. It is undesirable to grow cherries in lowlands with stagnant melt water during the spring flood. The southern slopes are optimal. Felt cherry, like many other berry crops, is photophilous. In the dense shade, the fruits ripen slowly and are often rotted.
Landing
Felt cherry seedlings are planted in early spring (before bud break). Autumn planting is not prohibited, but in this case it is necessary to have time to plant the seedling before the onset of stable cold weather, otherwise the young plants will not have time to take root and will die in the very first frosty winter. The planting hole is dug 50 cm deep, the width is the same. Then 1/3 of the pit is filled with a soil mixture composed of the upper fertile layer of earth, humus or rotted manure with the addition of mineral fertilizers (potash and phosphorus).
Before planting, the root system of the seedling is shortened, such a procedure will contribute to the active development of the lateral roots, after which it is dipped in a clay chatterbox. The seedling is lowered into the pit, the roots are straightened, covered with the remaining soil mixture and compacted. After planting, abundant watering and mulching of the trunk circle are carried out. The mulch should be organic material such as peat, humus or sawdust. Mulching is not a necessary procedure, but it will benefit the plants, or rather, it will protect the roots from overheating, reduce the need for moisture and leave the soil in the near-stem zone free of weeds.
Care
You can get a good harvest of tasty and juicy berries only with careful care. It consists of operations that are standard for all berry crops, that is, watering, fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers, loosening, removing weeds, pruning and combating pests and diseases. Felt cherries are fed immediately after flowering; complex mineral fertilizers are ideal for these purposes. The second feeding is carried out in September, excluding nitrogen fertilizers, they can cause active growth of shoots.
As a result, they do not have time to ripen their shoots and are damaged by frost in winter. Watering for felt cherries should be moderate and systematic, waterlogging should not be allowed. Formative and sanitary pruning is carried out in the spring, the center of the crown is regularly thinned out, leaving up to 12 strong and healthy shoots. As a prophylaxis of diseases, spraying the bushes with 1% Bordeaux liquid is not prohibited.
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