2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Labrusca grape (lat. Vitis labrusca) - a representative of the genus Grapes of the Grape family. Homeland - North America. It is the ancestor of many cultivars. Currently grown in the USA, in small quantities in Ukraine, Abkhazia and the Black Sea coast. It is widely used in landscaping. Differs in frost resistance, withstands frosts down to -20C. Cultivated in the northern regions of viticulture. It has quite a few varieties and hybrids.
Characteristics of culture
The Labrusca grape is a powerful liana with a lignified stem, capable of forming dense thickets as it grows. Shoots are green, pubescent, cylindrical, equipped with antennae, due to which the vine clings to the support. Leaves are whole or lobed, round or ovate, petiolate, dense, dark green, wrinkled, up to 17 cm long, broadly notched at the base, dentate along the edge.
At a young age, the underside of the leaves is covered with white or grayish flocculent pubescence, which over time acquires a reddish color. The flowers are dioecious, staminate ones are collected in loose inflorescences, pistillate - in dense dense inflorescences. Fruits are spherical or ellipsoidal, yellow-green, pink, reddish-brown, purple or black-purple, up to 2 cm in diameter, collected in small clusters. The pulp of the fruit is sweet and tender. Labrusca grapes bloom in June, fruits ripen in September.
Growing conditions
The Labrusca grape prefers loose, light, fertile, moderately moist, sandy loam and sandy soils. The location is preferably slightly shaded, a dense shadow is highly undesirable. The considered variety of grapes does not tolerate heavy, clayey, swampy, saline, dry and waterlogged soils.
Varieties and hybrids
* Isabella is a variety native to South Carolina. It is a table variety used for making wine. Today it is grown in many European countries, as well as Georgia, Abkhazia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan and Krasnodar Territory. Differs in resistance to mildew, oidium and gray mold, prone to anthracnose and phylloxera. The clusters are small, cylindrical, loose. The berries are black, elongated or round, black, with a waxy coating, have a firm and elastic skin. The pulp is sweet and sour, has a strong aroma reminiscent of strawberries.
* Golden ray - a variety used to make wines and consumed fresh. Non-frost-resistant, prone to phylloxera, average yield. The bunches are large, dense, conical, with small greenish-yellow berries. The pulp is sweet, slimy.
* Lydia - is a hybrid of Labrusca Grape and Vinifer Grape. A table variety, often used in winemaking. Grown in the Caucasus and Ukraine. Frost-resistant, high-yielding, resistant to mildew and powdery mildew. The bunches are loose, small, cylindrical-conical or conical, composed of dark red large berries with a lilac tint. The pulp is sweet, has a strawberry aroma.
* Kuderk 4401 - a hybrid obtained by crossing the Rupestris Grape and the Chassela Rose variety. Often referred to as Chisinau or Sahatin. It is used to make wines and cognacs. Does not differ in frost resistance, resistance to phylloxera. Bunches are small, loose, conical, with small round black berries. The pulp is sweet, pleasant to the taste.
* Terrace 20 is a hybrid of Rupestris Grape and Alicanth Busheh. It is used in winemaking. The variety is frost-resistant, resistant to mildew, high-yielding. Prone to phylloxera. Bunches are small, loose, conical, with round black berries. The pulp is sweet, firm.
* Noah - the variety is often referred to as Isabella white. Cultivated in Moldova, Ukraine and southern regions of Russia. It is used in winemaking. It cannot boast of frost resistance, it is prone to phylloxera. Bunches are small, loose, conical, with medium round greenish-yellow berries. The pulp is sweet, slimy, and has a strawberry aroma.
* Seibel 1 is a hybrid of the Rupestrisch Grape and the Vinifer Grape. Grown in Ukraine and Moldova. It is used for making cognac and wine. The variety is frost-resistant, high-yielding, prone to damage by phylloxera and mildew. Bunches are small, conical, loose, with round black berries. The pulp is sweet, juicy.
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