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Latin name: Paeonia Family: Peony Categories: Flowers |
Peony (lat. Paeonia) - popular flower culture; perennial belonging to the Peony family. It has a thickened root in the form of a fusiform tuber.
Description
Peonies are plants with erect, less often branched, cylindrical or slightly flattened stems, the height of which varies from 30 cm to 2 m. The leaves are large, alternate, green or bluish, pinnate or triple, toothed or whole-edged, in autumn the foliage becomes bronze or brown -red. Leaf petioles are cylindrical, flat at the base.
The flowers are quite large (up to 25 cm in diameter), apical, cyclic or spiral. They can have a wide variety of colors, most often white, cream, pale pink, purple, yellow and red-brown peonies are found. The perianth is double, formed from the corolla and calyx. Petals are ovoid, sometimes wedge-shaped at the base.
Fruits are multileaf, arcuate, ovate or round, usually smooth, less often pubescent. The roots of the plant are branched, they go to a depth of 70-80 cm. Peonies have a pleasant, slightly sweet aroma. Flowering depends solely on the variety (early flowering varieties bloom in early June, and late flowering in the second decade of July). In one place, the culture can be grown up to 15-20 years. Peonies are used to decorate various types of flower beds, including alpine slides. They are also suitable for cutting.
Growing conditions
The cultivation area should be well lit and protected from strong winds. It is important to know that the culture will grow in one area for a long time. The soil for the plant is preferable light, permeable, nutritious, uncompacted, moderately moist, neutral or slightly alkaline. Optimal loam and clay soils. It is not recommended to plant a crop in shaded areas with sandy loam soils, otherwise the plants will not please with abundant and long flowering.
Landing features
Peonies are planted in the second decade of August. A few weeks before the intended planting, a hole is prepared with a depth of 50-80 cm and a diameter of 50-60 cm. At the bottom of the hole, high-quality drainage is formed in the form of expanded clay or pebbles with a layer of 15-20 cm, which is an important condition for successful cultivation. The soil removed from the pit is mixed with humus and mineral fertilizers are added. Plants are planted with cuttings with three to five buds. Deepening the right kidney is contraindicated; it is left three centimeters above the soil surface. The roots of the delenka are carefully covered with the prepared soil mixture, after which they are tamped and poured
The first buds formed on the plants are removed, this is necessary to saturate the culture tubers with nutrients. Often, crops should not be divided, plants have a negative attitude to this. One division every 10 years is enough. If this condition is observed, the peony will develop well and delight its owners with beautiful and healthy flowers for many years.
Care procedures
Caring for the culture does not cause much trouble. Immediately after the snow cover melts, the soil in the near-stem zone is treated with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This procedure helps prevent diseases and accelerates the growth of the root system. With the appearance of the first shoots, the culture is sprayed with 1% Bordeaux liquid. Gentle loosening is also carried out.
For the entire growing season, up to four fertilizing with mineral fertilizers should be carried out. The first top dressing involves the introduction of ammonium nitrate, the second and third - phosphorus fertilizers, the fourth - potash fertilizers. Organic fertilizers are recommended to be applied with an early vein, humus and peat are used as mulch.
Loosening of the soil in peonies is carried out a couple of times per season, watered 2-3 times in 30 days, during budding and flower formation, the amount of watering is increased. When buds with a diameter of about 1 cm appear on the plant, the lateral shoots are pinched, this procedure is aimed at making the flowers large. In late autumn, wilted stems are cut off, and the soil is fertilized with wood ash.
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Compared to most other garden flowers, peonies are much more resistant to various diseases. Nevertheless, from time to time, unfortunate misfortunes attack these beautiful flowers. The most common ailments are gray rot, circular mosaic of leaves and, of course, rust. In order to understand exactly how to deal with the next infection, it is important to understand how various diseases manifest themselves on peonies
