2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The striped root weevil is almost ubiquitous. It causes damage to both annual and perennial crops: beans with peas, as well as perennials from the legume family. Moreover, the larvae of these scoundrels and the beetles are equally harmful. Beetles are especially famous for the so-called "figured eating" of leaves - along their edges, parasites gnaw small oval-shaped particles. The most serious consequences occur when the growth point and cotyledon leaves are damaged. The destructive activity of striped nodule weevils leads to a decrease in the amount of nitrogen in plants and soil, a deterioration in the quality of seeds, as well as to a significant decrease in the volume of the crop
Meet the pest
The striped root weevil is a beetle that ranges in size from 3 to 5 mm. These parasites are distinguished by an earthy-gray color and are endowed with brownish pronotum widened in the middle. Their rostrum is short and thick, and the wings are decorated with dark and white stripes.
The size of smooth rounded eggs of striped nodule weevils is 0.2-0.3 mm. As a rule, initially they are yellowish-white, and two or three days later they turn into blackish.
The slightly curved larvae of these parasites reach a length of 5 mm. They are endowed with light brown heads and are painted in whitish tones. And the size of the pale yellow pupae ranges from 4.5 to 6 mm.
Overwintering of gluttonous bugs takes place under the remains of vegetation and in the upper soil layer. This often happens in fields where perennial legumes are grown. At temperatures from three to five degrees, around the beginning of April, pests leave their wintering places. When the thermometer rises to seven to eight degrees, they start feeding on perennial legumes, and as soon as the annual seedlings of legumes hatch, they instantly move to them, without interrupting their nutrition, and begin to slowly lay eggs. Eggs are laid immediately on the ground or on the lower leaves of plants, from which they still fall to the ground anyway. Fertility rates of females of striped nodule weevils are quite high - they can lay up to 2800 eggs as much as possible.
The embryonic development of parasites takes about seven to eight days. The reborn larvae quickly descend to the roots and damage the tiny nodules. The development of harmful larvae usually takes 29-40 days. But even during this time, each individual is able to destroy from three to eight nodules. The larvae of striped nodule weevils that have completed feeding are sent to the soil and pupate there at a depth of five to thirty centimeters. And the development of pupae usually fits in 8 - 13 days.
In June, at the end of the last decade, bugs begin to appear in the steppe zone, the release of which takes up to two months or more. Throughout July and August, they feed quite actively, and only after that they gradually migrate to winter. During the year, only one generation of striped nodule weevils has time to develop.
How to fight
Sowing legumes early and isolating them spatially from nearby perennial legumes would be good preventive measures. Early sowing is good because by the time the beetles begin to get out of the ground, the crops will be already unsuitable for eating by them, as they will lose their tenderness. And after harvesting, it is recommended to immediately plow the area - this approach contributes to the destruction of pupae and late larvae.
At the stage of emergence of tiny shoots, it is allowed to spray the cultivated crops with insecticides. Most often, spraying is carried out with pyrethroids and organophosphorus compounds. By poisoning adults in this way, you can significantly reduce the number of eggs they lay.
And to destroy harmful bugs at the very beginning of their migration, the edges of crops are sprayed with dusts of hexachlorane or metaphos.
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