2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Scab is one of the most unpleasant diseases of pears, affecting not only leaves with fruits, but also shoots with flowers. This attack is especially widespread in damp years, as well as after a long and rather cold spring. There is a high probability of damage to pear trees by scab and in warm rainy summer and spring weather. On pears, scab usually appears earlier than on apple trees, however, scab from pears never spreads to apple trees, and from apple trees this ailment never passes to pears
A few words about the disease
When a scab is damaged on the leaves and fruits of pears, specks of brownish shades begin to form. Often, pear twigs with shoots also suffer from it - they noticeably thicken, and the bark on them cracks and peels off. A certain proportion of shoots dies off altogether. Affected fruits quickly crack, turn black and deform, becoming corky.
Scab is a fungal disease, a dangerous pathogen of which most often hibernates on pear shoots. Sometimes he overwinters on fallen leaves. The spread of an unpleasant ailment occurs mainly during the flowering period by throwing out pathogenic fungal spores. Most often, it is noted immediately after heavy rainfall.
How to fight
In general, scab control measures should be mainly aimed at preventing this unpleasant ailment, as well as curbing its spread in the summer. It is important to dig up the soil in the near-trunk circles, and remove the fallen leaves from under the pear trees in a timely manner.
An excellent solution would be to grow pear varieties that are resistant to the ill-fated scab. These include Williams, Klapp's Favorite, Bere Boek, Kieffer and Bere Diehl.
In gardens with scab-infected trees, both the soil and trees should be abundantly treated with life-saving agents such as Oleocobrite, Nitrafen, and iron or copper sulfate. It is ideal to carry out this treatment in early spring, before buds begin to bloom on the trees. In the green cone phase (in other words, at the start of bud break), it is allowed to carry out treatments with Bordeaux liquid, 400 g of which is diluted in ten liters of water. And if the very first spraying falls on the bud extension phase, it is enough to take 100 g of Bordeaux liquid for the same amount of water, that is, prepare a one percent solution. The same solution is repeated spraying immediately after the end of flowering. Bordeaux liquid for its implementation can be replaced with copper oxychloride or solutions of "Phtalan", as well as "Tsineba", "Kuprozan" or "Kaptan". It is not forbidden to use other insecticides.
The third spraying usually coincides with the time of the pear moth treatments. It is usually carried out fifteen to twenty days after flowering. And if copper oxychloride or Bordeaux liquid is used for the third treatment, you need to make sure in advance that they will not become provocateurs of the occurrence of leaf burns. To this end, you can designate several branches as control and process only them at first. If a mesh appears on the fruits, and small necrotic specks appear on the leaves, then there is a burn. If the pear trees in the garden are infected with scab quite strongly, then during the season they can be subjected to four or even six processing.
In the phase of the green cone, it is allowed to carry out treatments with the "Raek" preparation. Spring spraying carried out on young leaves with the preparations "Skor", "Strobi" and "Vectra" also gives a good effect. A drug called "Zircon" has also proven itself well in the fight against scab, which is first processed on young ovaries, and then - at the end of the harvest.
Experienced gardeners are advised to spray pear trees with a solution of sodium chloride. For every ten liters of water, one kilogram of salt is diluted, while for each young tree, two liters of the prepared solution are consumed, and for each adult - ten liters.
When spraying, it is important to take into account that apple leaves are more strongly affected mainly from the upper sides, and pear leaves from the lower ones. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the lower sides when spraying pear leaves.
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