Diseases Of Garlic. Part 3

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Photo: Iakov Filimonov / Rusmediabank.ru

And again about the diseases of garlic.

Part 1.

Part 2.

A disease such as garlic neck rot begins to manifest itself during storage, but the infection itself occurs even before harvest. Garlic, which grows on loamy soils, is most susceptible to this disease, and garlic on sandy loamy soils is least susceptible to this disease. Cool and humid weather will be favorable conditions for the development of this disease. Higher doses of nitrogen fertilization also have a positive effect on the onset of this disease. Lying leaves are a favorable environment for the onset of the disease. From the leaves, the fungus will penetrate into the very neck of the bulb. At the initial stage, this disease does not externally manifest itself in any way. But already during storage of the garlic, the neck in the affected areas will become softer, depressed spots will appear in it, then these spots will spread throughout the plant. High humidity and high temperatures should also be avoided during storage. At zero degrees, the development of this fungus stops. The disease spreads with planting material, soil and plant sediments.

In order to combat the occurrence of such diseases, fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers will be carried out only in the initial growing season. Harvesting should only be done in dry and sunny weather. The crop should be dried very well and stored at low temperatures. Before planting, the soil and the planting material itself must be treated with a solution of copper sulfate.

Another important disease is garlic rust. The disease manifests itself as follows: pads of light yellow shades appear on the leaves, over time they begin to turn black. As the disease progresses, these leaves will dry out. The source of such a disease will be both perennial plants and plant debris that have been preserved in the beds.

In order to combat this disease, garlic should be planted in separate beds, which should be at some distance from the perennial onions. The leaves should be sprayed with a solution of copper sulfate. Spraying should be done twice within two weeks. All plant residues should be removed from the beds.

Garlic white rot is also known as sclerotinosis. This disease overtakes vegetative plants at any stage of their development. A white mycelium will appear on the bottom and scales, due to which the roots will die off soon. Over time, the bulb will burst open, and the teeth will become watery and begin to rot. The leaves themselves will turn yellow and begin to rot. The source for such a disease will be already infected soil, diseased teeth and plant debris.

As for the fight, you should regularly clean the beds of plant debris after the crop has been harvested. The soil and teeth should be disinfected with copper sulfate. Garlic can be sprinkled with water to which a bacterial fungicide has been added. This should be done during the growing season of the plants.

There is also such a disease as black mold of garlic or aspergillosis. The disease affects bulbs stored at high temperatures. The bulbs will become softer, then a black dusty mass will appear between the scales. The spores of this fungus will be airborne from plant to plant. As a preventive measure, you should harvest the crop in due time, and store the garlic at low temperatures.

There is also a green mold of garlic, also known as penicillosis. This disease will become most common when garlic is stored. High temperature and high humidity will become a favorable soil for the development of this disease, in addition to this, mechanical damage to the plant itself also contributes to the development of the disease. Initially, brown or light yellow spots can be seen at the bottom, over time these spots will become depressed and take over the entire plant. Diseased bulbs become covered with a white bloom, then this bloom turns either green or greenish-blue. Already a couple of months after the start of storage, such a crop will begin to darken, dry and wrinkle. An infected bulb will also smell like mold. Plant debris and soil are the source of this infection. Control measures will be exactly the same as with other diseases of this group.