2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Gray rot is ubiquitous and can be found on very different crops. Among vegetables, cucumbers, cabbage, beets, tomatoes, onions, radishes, lettuce, beans and potatoes are most affected. And in cool, rainy summers, the disease can almost completely destroy the strawberry crop. You need to fight this disease as soon as it is detected
General information about gray mold
The causative agent of such a misfortune is the botrytis mushroom. Gray rot appears with brown spots on shoots and leaves, and they increase in size rather quickly. If the air humidity is increased, then they also begin to become covered with gray fluffy mycelium (resembling loose cotton wool or mold in appearance) and spores that spread in the wind and infect leaves in the neighborhood.
The best conditions for the appearance of gray rot are high air humidity combined with a fairly low temperature. Spring frosts, thickening plantings, excess nitrogen and lack of light can also do a poor job. An important condition for infection to occur is the presence of dead tissue on the vegetation. With excessively high air humidity, the manifestation of the disease can initially be seen on the buds and flowers of plants, and on bulbous plants also on the tops of the bulbs.
Control measures
Prevention will undoubtedly be the most important measure. To prevent gray rot when watering plants, it is important to make sure that the water does not get on the leaves, as well as that fertilizers containing nitrogen in an increased concentration do not get on them, if possible - excessively large amounts of it provoke softening of the cell walls, making the tissues much more susceptible to various infections.
Plants should not be placed too close to each other, and when they are in the premises, they should be ventilated more often. Plants also need to provide good lighting, and dying buds and leaves should be removed in a timely manner. Before planting, preparations such as Zaslon and Barrier are sometimes added to the substrate to prevent the occurrence of gray rot, because the caked substrate is also a provocateur of the disease.
The occurrence of the disease on leguminous crops is largely facilitated by their defeat by aphids, accordingly, it is very important to destroy this pest in a timely manner.
It is also possible to reduce the number of foci of rot by reducing the wound surface on the vegetation - for this, it must be handled as carefully as possible both during the period of its formation and during the removal of leaves. The damaged parts of the stalks and stems are cut out with a sharp knife in dry weather. It is imperative to eliminate plant residues so that they do not serve as a source of infection in the future.
If the infection does occur, but initially it is weakly expressed, copper-containing agents of combined or contact action will be effective in the fight against gray rot: the vegetation is sprayed with Bordeaux liquid or such agents as Cuproskat, Champion, Oxykh, Topaz.
Some gardeners and gardeners, as soon as they find foci of gray rot on the vegetation, coat the affected parts of the stems with a special paste made from trichodermine and glue based on CMC. But their heavily damaged parts still need to be cut out with a sharp knife.
A rather effective remedy is also a coating with a fungicide. It is easy to prepare such a paste: in 10 liters of water, you first need to add CMC glue (300 - 340 g), and then a fungicide (for example, Rovral) in an amount of 30 - 40 g. And this tool is brought to a pasty state by adding chalk to it.
The use of chemical and biological plant protection products in their combination is also not unsuccessful: spraying at the beginning of flowering with TMTD solutions and introducing trichodermine into the soil.
A 0.1% solution of the Topsin-M preparation, a 0.2% solution of foundationol or a copper-soap solution (0.2% copper sulfate and 2% laundry soap) will also be suitable for spraying. After a couple of weeks, they are processed again.
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