2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Despite the fact that basil is considered a plant that is quite resistant to various ailments, from time to time illnesses affect this spicy herb. Most often this happens under unfavorable conditions, especially when the low temperature in greenhouses or greenhouses is combined with high humidity. In addition, excessive watering and thickened plantings favor the development of a number of ailments. What kind of misfortunes attack basil most often?
Fusarium
This ailment affects both adults and young basil plantings with equal force. Pathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium, provoking the onset of the disease, can infect not only plant seeds, but also the soil. A harmful fungus, which releases harmful toxins into the nutritious juices of growing crops, quite strongly affects the vascular system of the developing basil. As a result of such transformations, growing cultures gradually wither and inevitably die.
Stems on young plants attacked by Fusarium gradually thin out and turn brownish. As for the adult basil, the tops first dry out, and the result of damage to the root system is a fairly rapid wilt. Particularly favorable for the development of fusarium is increased soil and air humidity, as well as a rather high temperature.
Blackleg
Mostly seedlings suffer from this disease, and its causative agent is certain types of fungi that develop in almost any soil. In most cases, harmful fungi colonize the root collars of tiny seedlings. This, in turn, leads to blockage of the vessels that provide the basil with the nutrition it needs. The bases of the stems, as well as the root collars, gradually soften, turn black and become thinner. And after a while, the yellowed basil finally dies.
Most often, the black leg develops with extremely unimportant soil aeration, with excessive watering, as well as with increased soil acidity.
Gray rot
The main target for this scourge is basil grown in greenhouses. And the causative agent of gray rot is the fungus Botrytis cinerea nesting in the remains of vegetation and in the soil. By the way, for the development of the ill-fated ailment, the presence of drip-liquid moisture and dead plant tissues is mandatory.
The first signs of gray rot can be seen on the lower dying leaves of the basil, and after some time, the fungus begins to cover the stems, gradually affecting the entire plants. On the infected areas, you can notice dry specks of light brown shades, which are slowly tightened with a grayish fluff and acquire a watery consistency.
The most effective way to combat this infection is its timely prevention. You shouldn't grow basil on the same plot for more than two or three years. And the seeds of the plant just before planting will not hurt to soak in a solution of potassium permanganate (it should have a slightly pink color). In addition, it is necessary to avoid thickening of the plantings in every possible way and moderately water the growing crops (rather than pouring them, it is still better not to add water).
The soil on which the basil grows must be systematically (every four to five days) powdered with ash extracted from deciduous trees. And the aisles should be systematically loosened to prevent the formation of a dense surface crust. It is also very important to provide the spicy grass growing in greenhouses or greenhouses with daily ventilation.
If infected plants are still found, they are removed from the sites along with earth clods. In addition, both for prevention and at the initial stage of development of gray rot, it is recommended to spray basil with infusion of onion peels. In order to get it, one part of the chopped onion husk is poured with four parts of water. And after this composition is infused throughout the day, it is immediately filtered.
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