2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Garden chrysanthemum (lat. Chrysanthemum x morifolium) - flowering culture; a large group of hybrids and varieties of the genus Chrysanthemum of the Asteraceae family. Other names are Chinese chrysanthemum or mulberry chrysanthemum. Belongs to the category of late flowering plants. It is actively used in landscape design of large urban gardens and parks, for landscaping personal backyards, growing as a room crop and for obtaining material for drawing up bouquets for sale.
All hybrids and varieties presented on the garden market are distinguished by high decorative properties, long and abundant flowering, a variety of colors and expressiveness. The garden chrysanthemum is a welcome guest in any garden, container or vase. The species under consideration does not occur in nature. Most likely comes from Asia. All varieties were obtained through serious research, experimentation, hybridization and selection. Many varieties of Chinese chrysanthemum are created with the participation of Indian chrysanthemum (lat. Chrysanthemum indicum), this species is also very diverse.
Characteristics of culture
Most varieties and hybrids of garden chrysanthemum, or Chinese chrysanthemum are represented by perennial herbaceous plants with erect leafy shoots over 1 m in height (there are also low-growing specimens no more than 25 cm in height). Leaves, depending on the variety, can have a different shape and degree of dissection, usually green, smooth or pubescent, equipped with petioles (short or long), 5 to 15 cm long, sometimes have a peculiar smell (felt when rubbed).
Inflorescences-baskets (like all representatives of the Asteraceae family, or Asteraceae), consist of a huge number of tubular and reed (marginal) flowers. Baskets can be simple, semi-double and double, the latter two are the most appreciated. It should be noted that chrysanthemums with double baskets consist mainly of reed flowers, which occurs due to the transformation of tubular flowers into reed flowers.
The size, shape, color of inflorescences-baskets with their diversity amazes the mind, every gardener will find the best option for himself. An important feature: a large number of seeds can be obtained only with chrysanthemums with simple inflorescences, very few of them are formed on chrysanthemums with double baskets, since they practically do not have tubular flowers, and, as you know, it is on them that seeds are tied.
Classes of varieties
As mentioned, there are many varieties of garden chrysanthemum, or Chinese chrysanthemum, on the garden market. In different countries, they are divided into several classes, for example, in China into 9 classes, in Germany - into 10. The second is the most relevant:
* class of simple - inflorescences-baskets, equipped with one or two rows of reed (marginal flowers);
* semi-double class - inflorescences-baskets, equipped with 3-5 rows of reed flowers;
* class of anemic - inflorescences-baskets, characterized by 1-3 rows of slightly elongated ligulate flowers and a pronounced center, formed from tubular flowers;
* Terry class - inflorescences-baskets, characterized by a huge number of hanging reed flowers;
* class of flat terry - inflorescences-baskets, equipped with reed flowers, located in the same plane;
* class of hemispherical terry - inflorescences-baskets, equipped with reed flowers bent to the central part;
* class of spherical terry - inflorescences-baskets, characterized by long reed flowers, bent towards the central part;
* the class of curly terry - inflorescences-baskets, characterized by a spherical shape, formed due to the inner reed flowers bent towards the central part;
* the class of radiant double - inflorescences-baskets, the lingual flowers of which are rolled into tubes with a different direction;
* class of pompom terry - inflorescences-baskets, equipped with wide reed flowers, tightly adjacent to each other.
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