2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
More recently, the herb of the blackhead burnet (English burnet) was used exclusively for medicinal needs. Recent developments by scientists have allowed it to find a different application
The burnet burnet got its name due to the similarity of its appearance to the medicinal burnet. But don't confuse these two completely different plants. Burnet enters the flowering phase much earlier. The leaf is smaller, the bushes are lower, the flowers are paler in color. The Latin name translates as "goblet". Probably due to the structure of the goblet flower.
Habitat
Blackhead belongs to the Rosaceae family. In the wild, it is found in areas of the Northern Hemisphere, a zone of temperate climate. Within Russia, its range is located in the western part of Siberia, the Caucasus, the Volga-Vyatka region, the Leningrad region, Moldova, Altai.
Prefers dry places in the open sun - roadsides, meadows, forest outskirts, fallow lands. Not picky about soils. Lime, sandy loam, sandy, rocky soils are suitable for it. It winters well without shelter under a snow "fur coat".
Biological features
Herbaceous perennial. In one place, without reducing the yield, it grows for 6-8 years. The height of the bushes is 30-55 cm. The stem is branched, cylindrical in shape. The rhizome is powerful, becoming lignified over time. The leaves are small, rounded, with a serrate edge, with short petioles.
The inflorescences look like miniature cones of a greenish-pink hue. Small buds are arranged in a circle on the stem. The distribution of roles is interesting: the middle is represented by bisexual inflorescences, the top is pistillate, the bottom is staminate. The tetrahedral receptacle consists of a petalless calyx. Pollinated by wind and insects. Blooms May-July.
The fruit is formed from 2-3 tetrahedral achenes of gray-yellow color. The grains are small, ripen in August, 1 gram contains 250-300 pieces.
Reproduction
Easily propagated by seeds, which are sown in two ways:
• before winter;
• early in the spring.
For planting, a separate place is allocated outside the crop rotation for a long time. A garden bed is being prepared in the fall. The mineral fertilizer nitroammofosku, scattered over the surface, is dug onto the bayonet of the shovel. Cut grooves with a depth of 2 cm. Leave wide aisles of 35-40 cm. In a row, set the seeding rate 1 seed every 5 cm. Cover with a loose substrate. They compact the soil well. Leave to winter under the snow. Seedlings appear in early May.
In the phase of 3-4 leaves, the bushes are thinned out, leaving 1 copy per 10 cm of a row.
Spring sowing is similar to autumn sowing, seedlings appear in 2-3 weeks.
In the spring, to improve germination, they put temporary arcs, stretch the film. After a month, the shelter is removed, gradually accustoming the burnet to the conditions of open ground.
Growing conditions
Water as needed 1-2 times a week. Removing weeds, loosening the soil, helps young seedlings to get stronger, create a powerful green mass.
Top dressing 2 times a month with a liquid preparation "Baikal" or "Ideal", the norm according to the instructions on the bottle. After each mowing, nitrogen fertilizer (urea or nettle infusion) is applied for better growth.
For food and medicinal purposes, greens are cut in the budding phase, starting in mid-May. After the first harvest, the plant manages to restore the bushes to their original appearance and set seeds.
The second crop ripens in a month. If the weather is favorable, a third collection is received. Then the plant grows back safely and goes to winter. From 1 square meter, up to 1 kg of fresh green mass is obtained. One plant supplies 15-25 grams of vitamin products to our table.
If desired, the cultivation of Blackhead Burnet in winter is possible at home as a pot culture.
The plant is listed in the Red Book of the Leningrad and Belgorod regions. It is under state protection in its natural habitat. Growing English Burnet from seeds in our plots, we help to save wild species from extinction.
We will consider the practical application of the Blackhead Burnet, its medicinal properties and varieties in the next article.
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