2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The garden scoop is a dangerous polyphage that damages almost all garden crops. Polyphagous caterpillars are considered especially harmful (the main food of butterflies is pollen from flowering plants). By the way, plants from the families of Haze and Asteraceae are the best food for harmful caterpillars: on them gluttonous parasites develop much faster, and females that develop under such conditions turn out to be the most prolific
Meet the pest
The garden scoop is an unattractive butterfly with a wingspan of 33 to 42 mm. All pests are endowed with reddish-brownish front wings. At the same time, kidney-shaped spots are characterized by a yellow or orange color, and round spots are painted in dark tones and are framed with white edges. The white sub-marginal lines are decorated with bizarre M-shaped figures, the teeth of which almost reach the outer edges of the wings. As for the hind wings of the pests, they are distinguished by lighter shades and much darker outer edges.
Hemispherical eggs of garden scoops reach sizes of the order of 0.7 - 0.75 mm, and as many as five dozen ribs are located on their tops. At the initial stage of their development, the eggs are colored in light greenish tones, and after some time they become first grayish-greenish, and then ash-gray.
The color of the covers of harmful larvae, which grow in length from 28 to 41 mm, can vary. You can meet reddish-brownish, yellow-brownish and even green individuals of a wide variety of shades. And on the body of the larvae, you can see both tiny light specks and large black spots equipped with bristles. The yellowish heads of harmful parasites are decorated with a funny mesh pattern, and their also yellowish spiracles are framed with black rims. Both in front and behind these spiracles there are small black spots, and their subspiracular stripes are painted in orange or yellow tones.
Pupae of garden scoops reach sizes from 15 to 19 mm and are colored in chestnut shades. Pest cremasters differing in a conical shape are endowed with a pair of branches diverging to the sides. And the tips of these processes are slightly flattened and slightly widened.
Approximately in the second half of June, the butterfly years will start until the second half of August. In the southern regions, the first generation of pests occurs in May-June, and the second generation is observed from July to September. Additional feeding of butterflies takes place on flowering plants, and the average lifespan of each emerged butterfly is from fourteen to thirty days.
Approximately two to three days after departure, butterflies mate, and after another five to seven days they begin to lay eggs. The total fertility of females is quite high and ranges from four hundred to one thousand one hundred eggs. And the maximum pest is able to lay up to one and a half thousand eggs. All eggs are placed by females in piles in several layers (usually from 1 to 4) on the undersides of the leaves. At the same time, each masonry has up to one hundred pieces. And the embryonic development of eggs takes from nine to twelve days.
The hatched larvae, developing for thirty to forty days, manage to pass six instars and go through five molts during this time. Young caterpillars immediately begin to actively scrape, and subsequently skeletonize leaf blades. And older caterpillars not only make holes in the leaf blades, but also roughly skeletonize them.
Caterpillars of the first generation pupate in June, and individuals of the second generation pupate in September and October. In both cases, pupation occurs in the upper soil layer. However, pupae wintering also takes place in the soil.
How to fight
The most important measures to combat garden scoops are the timely destruction of weeds, autumn digging of soil in the beds and planting cabbage at a relatively early date (before the butterflies start flying out).
Some gardeners catch harmful butterflies, luring them with light, and with the massive appearance of harmful caterpillars, they switch to spraying with insecticides. Such drugs as "Ripkord", "Etaphos", "Nurell", "Anometrin", "Talkord", "Belofos", "Ambush" and "Cyanox" have proven themselves best in the fight against caterpillars. Plants can be treated with "Tsimbush", "Foksim", "Sumicidin" or "Rovikurt". And among the most suitable biological preparations are "Dendrobacillin", "Gomelin" and "Bitoxibacillin".
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