2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The yellow plum sawfly harms the plum so mercilessly that in some seasons, up to 80 - 90% of the total crop perishes. Pseudo-caterpillars are mainly harmful, eating away with appetite the juicy pulp of the ovaries, as a result of which the inner parts of the affected fruits are quickly filled with watery and foul-smelling excrement of harmful larvae. Fruits damaged by gluttonous parasites easily crumble, and as a result, they remain on the trees less and less
Meet the pest
The yellow plum sawfly is a harmful insect, the body and head of which are colored yellow-brown. The legs and antennae of these pests are yellowish, and the metanotum in males is usually blackish. Females most often grow in length up to 5 - 6 mm, and the size of males, as a rule, is slightly smaller - from 4 to 5 mm.
The eggs of harmful sawflies are characterized by a greenish-whitish color. The yellowish-brownish larvae, called larvae, grow up to 9 mm in length. And the little white pupae of gluttonous parasites are conveniently located in reliable cocoons.
False caterpillars of the last age overwinter in the upper soil layer located near the tree trunk circles. At the same time, a certain percentage of individuals overwinter twice, that is, they enter a two-year diapause. Sometimes the larvae can also overwinter under tree crowns, going deep into them by about ten centimeters.
About three to eight days before the start of flowering of plums, adults begin to fly out. As a rule, their emergence coincides in time with the pinking of the buds of early varieties of plums and with the massive flowering of cherry plums. The emergence of gluttonous parasites lasts about eleven to twelve days, having time to capture the stages of loosening the buds and flowering late-varietal plums. And the massive years of hungry pests coincides with the abundant flowering of early-varietal plums. Imagoes live for a relatively short time - from three to eight days.
Approximately on the second or third day after departure, enterprising females begin to lay eggs, placing them mainly in flower cups. The total fertility of these pests ranges from thirty-two to fifty-nine eggs.
The development of eggs usually takes from twelve to seventeen days, that is, already at the end of May, you can see the appearance of the first false caterpillars. The duration of their feeding ranges from nineteen to twenty-eight days, and the main food for the evil caterpillars is fruits - the gluttonous parasites manage to damage three to five ovaries each. And around the middle of June, they go to the soil for cocooning.
How to fight
Digging and loosening the soil helps to destroy a significant part of pupae with larvae. In addition, when cloudy weather is established, adults can be shaken off onto pre-spread beddings and immediately destroyed. As a rule, this event is carried out before the fruit trees bloom.
Since the damage caused by hungry sawflies is almost always predominantly focal in nature, any treatments with the use of chemicals are carried out exclusively in those areas where these harmful parasites were noticed. To overcome adults, they are carried out at the moment the buds turn pink and at the stage of their loosening. And spraying against gluttonous larvae usually falls on the period immediately after the plum blossoms. The last treatments with "Metaphos" or "Phosphamide" should be tried to be completed thirty days before harvest, and all other insecticides are finished to process fruit trees in twenty days. Well suited for the fight against the gluttonous parasites "Gardona", "Cydial", "Rogor" or "Chlorophos".
By the way, those preparations that are used to combat no less harmful cherry mucous sawflies are excellent for combating these pests of plums.
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