2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Potatoes can be found literally in every summer cottage. This, as they say, is our second bread. But the cultivation of this culture is quite troublesome. Potatoes can be affected by so many different diseases that you can't even remember them all. How to understand which attack attacked this valuable food culture? To do this, it does not hurt to get acquainted with the main symptoms of the manifestation of each ailment
Ring rot
This attack can affect both underground and aboveground parts of growing potatoes, and it does not matter at all what phase of development the potatoes are in at a given moment. Infected potato tops begin to wilt gradually, and the tubers begin to rot. The leaves on the affected areas turn white, and a milky, mucous mass emerges from the diseased stems' sections placed in the water.
Not particularly strongly affected nodules outwardly practically do not differ from healthy ones, nevertheless, if you cut them, you can notice the softening of the tissues and their yellowing along the vascular ring. And after a while, the vascular system of the tubers is completely destroyed, turning into an extremely unpleasant mucous mass, which is easily squeezed out of the cut nodules at the slightest pressure.
Silvery scab
On potato tubers, slightly depressed grayish-brownish specks of various sizes can be seen, and under their skin the formation of dotted black sclerotia begins. Especially massively, this infection attacks potatoes in storages closer to spring - the infected tissues of stored nodules become depressed and begin to acquire a pronounced silvery sheen as a result of air penetration. Rot when affected by this scourge is not formed, however, tubers that have lost moisture begin to quickly lose weight.
Powdery scab
This ailment ruthlessly attacks stolons, roots with nodules, and even subsoil areas of the stems. Numerous growths of completely different shapes and sizes appear on stolons and roots with stalks. Initially, they are whitish in color, and after some time, all formations darken and quickly disintegrate. And on the tubers, upon close examination, you can see rather deep red sores (otherwise they are called pustules), reaching 6 - 7 mm in size. Inside such ulcers, the active development of the pathogen occurs. After a while, all the pustules are opened, and their edges are turned outward, as a result of which the lesions acquire a star-shaped appearance. And in the very center of each ulcer, a brownish powdery spore mass accumulates.
Common scab
This infection attacks potato tubers especially strongly, but a little less often it can also infect roots with stolons. On the nodules just removed from the soil, you can see a cobweb whitish bloom, which consists of mycelium and fungal sporulation. And around the tiny lentils, characteristic tuberous folds are formed, gradually transforming into dry sores, the diameter of which can vary from a few millimeters to one centimeter. All sores have completely different shapes and gradually crack. True, in some cases they can merge, as a result of which a flaky solid crust appears on the potato tubers.
Lumpy scab
As a rule, the symptoms of this disease appear after the potato tubers are sent for storage, increasing many times with the onset of spring. On the nodules, you can find dark tubercles reaching 1 - 4 mm, which gradually transform into closed pustules with convex central parts and depressed edges. Thanks to this feature, lumpy scab received a second name - smallpox. The tubercles formed on potato tubers can merge or be located separately. And if infected potatoes are wetted, then the outside of the pustules will be colored in dark brown tones, and from the inside - in gray-violet.
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