Creation Of Unusual Trees

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Limited garden plots of 4-6 acres make fans look for non-standard options for growing more varieties of fruit trees. Cross-breed or cross-cultivar grafting on one stock gives good results. How to bring your meta to life? Make the right choice of rootstocks. Let's take a closer look

Advantages

The benefits of this method are obvious:

1. Requires a limited number of trees in a smaller area.

2. The variety of varieties, the range of fruit products is increasing.

3. Winter-hardy rootstocks improve the longevity of the scion, increase resistance to adverse environmental factors.

4. Come into fruiting earlier.

5. Gives an annual harvest of juicy fruits.

Let's analyze the principle of the formation of "miracle" trees.

Cultural compatibility

Close botanical relatives successfully pass the fusion stage. Intraspecific, varietal grafting give positive results. Interspecies, with rare exceptions, are compatible. Within the family, intergeneric splices fail in most cases. In some cases (grafting of a pear on a red mountain ash) grow well together.

In rare cases, one-way relationships arise. The pear takes root well on quince. Reverse vaccination results in complete incompatibility.

Of the most common crops, good pairs (scion, rootstock) form:

• pear - apple, quince, red mountain ash;

• apple tree only with its close relatives - seedlings of Antonovka, Anis;

• plum - blackthorn, black-leaved, cherry-plum;

• peach - plum, felt cherry, cherry plum, blackthorn, apricot, almond;

• apricot - seedlings of vents, thorns, cherry plums, sand cherries, plums.

The beginning of the way

Pome rootstocks must have the following characteristics:

1. First tier, well-formed with 4 branches of an earlier variety (the top bears fruit a little later).

2. High winter hardiness for the area.

3. The distance from the first tier to the new vaccination is 40-50cm.

4. Not less than 3-5 years old. The upper limit is not limited.

On a single rootstock, varieties of the same maturity group (early, mid-season or late) can be grafted. Reception will help the tree to form a good harvest, in time to prepare for wintering. The inconsistency in timing will adversely affect the life of the original seedling.

Experimenting with pairs, it is necessary to study the biological characteristics of the rocks:

• beginning of spring sap flow;

• opening of the kidneys;

• wintering;

• ripening of young growths;

• speed of building up the trunk;

• thickening of wood.

Inconsistency of one of the signs leads over time to the death of the scion. A thin base does not withstand thick branches, they break off. Poorly ripened shoots of the current year freeze out in winter.

Method selection

On old trees, grafting is used with a cuttings in a split, at the end of April - beginning of May with active sap flow. The growth is up to 1 meter per year.

A thick stake is tied to the trunk of a tree or driven in next to it. The growing shoots are tied to a support, keeping thin twigs from strong winds.

Nutrition by the central leader goes directly to the vaccination site. Provides the youngsters with everything they need.

On thin seedlings, summer budding is practiced with a sleeping bud for the bark or spring budding in the butt with a handle.

In all cases, a tight strapping is made from the film. On old trees, in the first case, a thick cut is covered with plasticine. In autumn, the winding is removed so as not to interfere with the normal development of the bark.

Interbreed vaccination

Plum fully bears fruit in 10 years, according to statistics, 3 years. Coldness during flowering, a lot of pests, reduce the number of ovaries.

An apricot gives a harvest almost every year, having time to form fruits before a cold snap, grafted onto a plum, has a positive effect on the stock. The yield of both crops is increasing.

For stone fruits, the budding method is better. Heat-loving specimens are grafted into the lower layers, reliably covered with snow in winter. In case of freezing of the tops, the branches are restored over the summer from the remaining part. The crown is formed according to the "bowl" type.

Adhering to the methodology, it is enough to have a few original plants in the arsenal in order to create the maximum assortment in a limited area.