2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
If you are fed up with homegrown types of berry bushes, such as gooseberries and currants, or tired of fiddling with grapevine insulation for the winter, you can risk settling a branchy vine, Actinidia, in your summer cottage. Its juicy berries will more than replace the fruits of the listed plants, create a cozy shade on the veranda or in the garden gazebo, and add an exotic element to the measured dacha life
Popular varieties
* Actinidia Chinese (Actinidia chinensis) - decorative climbing vine with dark green heart-shaped leaves. The rapidly growing branches turn the plant into real thickets, growing in height and width up to 9 meters, and therefore pruning is required to maintain the desired shape. In natural conditions, he likes to settle on slopes, in ravines. In summer, creamy white rounded flowers bloom, which are divided into female and male, located on different bushes. Fruits appear only on females if there is a decent pollinator nearby. The edible fruit grows to the size of a walnut.
* Delicious actinidia (Actinidia deliciosa) - this is the same Actinidia, which is called"
Kiwi . She owes her birth to Actinidia Chinese and New Zealand breeders, who managed not only to significantly increase the size of the berry, but also to improve its taste. Now the whole world is enjoying the fragrant fruits that give heavenly pleasure.
Liana grows up to 9 meters. On its strong stems on long petioles sit dark green, oval, almost round, leaves with a heart-shaped base. The top of the leaves is smooth and shiny, and the underside is covered with white fluff.
Five to six white petals of the flower gradually turn yellow. In the center of the flower there is a large number of stamens, which are not viable on female flowers, and therefore a bush with male flowers must necessarily grow nearby.
Kiwi berries grow up to 6.5 cm in length. Their superficial skin is covered with tough, short, brown hairs that make the fruit look like the Kiwi, found only in New Zealand. The most valuable substances of the berry are concentrated in the peel, although not all people dare to eat the berry without clearing it of "plumage".
* Actinidia kolomikta (Actinidia kolomikta) - differs in foliage, which changes its color several times during the season, confusing gardeners who are not aware of such plant quirks. The knowledgeable ones simply admire the multi-colored palette (the bronze color turns into green; the flowering period discolours the leaves in places, and they become variegated; after flowering, the leaves turn pink or turn crimson), admiring the natural creativity.
* Actinidia polygamous (Actinidia polygama) - the name itself suggests that such a liana does not always need a companion of the opposite sex to set fruit, since both female and male flowers can coexist on the same liana. But, options are possible when flowers are chosen by different plants.
The ends of the creeper leaves are decorated with a silvery-white pattern, and the berries are bright yellow.
Growing
Actinidia belongs to the rare lianas that are resistant to low temperatures. Here it is successfully grown in various regions of the country, from the Black Sea coast to St. Petersburg and Murmansk, from Kaliningrad to Vladivostok.
Pergolas, gazebos, terraces are decorated with branchy liana; drape walls and fences.
The place for the plant is suitable both in the open sun and in partial shade. To make the plant more comfortable, it is advisable to protect it from wind and cold. For the winter, it is worth mulching the roots with fallen healthy foliage.
Any weakly acidic soil generously flavored with organic matter is suitable for Actinidia. The first years of life, the plant needs feeding with a full complex fertilizer.
To give the plant the desired shape, they resort to pruning the shoots. It should be remembered that flowers (and, therefore, fruits) give shoots of the current year. Scourges, on which there were fruits in the fall, are shortened in winter.
Watering is required only during dry periods.
Reproduction
You can propagate by sowing seeds, but such a plant will please with fruits in nine years (9).
More often propagated in culture by cuttings.
Enemies
Delicious plants are not only loved by people. Worms and aphids love to suck out the juices of the creeper, weakening the powers of Actinidia. The foliage can be damaged by mites.
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