2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
The brown spot of apricot leaves is scientifically called gnomoniosis. Mainly from this misfortune, leaves and their petioles suffer, less often - fruits. The first signs of gnomoniosis can be seen already in June - yellowish blurry spots appear on the leaves. In order to save the long-awaited crop of apricots, it is important to identify this disease in a timely manner and immediately proceed to decisive action aimed at combating it. Otherwise, prematurely crumbling fruits will serve as the main reason for a decrease in harvest volumes
A few words about the disease
When infected with this unpleasant ailment, yellowish inconspicuous spots are formed on the apricot leaves with the onset of spring. As gnomoniosis develops, the specks begin to grow and, gradually turning brown, cover the leaves entirely. Further, the leaves slowly curl up, begin to die off and fall off.
The apricot fruit may also start to develop specks. Fruits that do not have time to ripen often crumble, and half or fully ripe apricots look very ugly.
The causative agent of this fungal disease hibernates mainly in fallen leaves. And the spread of gnomoniosis is noted in the summer - it occurs with the help of conidia. The duration of the incubation period can vary from six to eight days (at temperatures ranging from 16 to 21 degrees).
As a rule, apricot varieties such as Kech-Pilar, Krasnoschekiy, Superior, Podarok Robert and Pionerskiy 3755 are quite strongly affected by brown spotting. The varieties Melitopolsky Early, Kievsky 2006, Uchma and Verdersky are considered moderately affected, and Arzami and Akhrori are considered rather weakly affected. Well, the resistant varieties include Melitopol Black and Tler Tsiram.
How to fight
When growing apricots, compliance with agrotechnical standards and rules for caring for fruit trees will not interfere. Weed control will do a great job too.
All affected branches should be removed from trees, and wounds should be healed. To do this, the previously cleaned wounds are disinfected with a 1% solution of copper sulfate, then rubbed with sorrel leaves three times, observing an interval of ten minutes, and only then coated with the prepared garden varnish.
Fallen leaves from under garden trees must be removed, since spores of the fungus-causative agent of gnomoniosis often hibernate in it. The soil in the near-trunk circles is also dug up. The leaves of a brownish hue remaining on apricot trees are collected and destroyed. However, they are also quite suitable for composting. And for autumn plowing, mineral fertilizers should be applied, approximately to a depth of 18 cm (potassium salt, superphosphate or ammonium nitrate).
The soil, as well as trees growing in gardens, is abundantly sprayed with copper sulfate (one percent) or nitrafen. It is advisable to carry out such spraying in the spring, before the tiny buds bloom. Tsineb and Kuprozan are also quite good for spraying. If necessary, the use of Bordeaux liquid is also permissible (100 g should be taken for ten liters of water of this life-saving agent), however, apricots are sprayed with it at the stage of the so-called green cone (that is, when the buds begin to bloom) or at the stage of bud extension.
Immediately after flowering, the apricot is sprayed again with one percent Bordeaux liquid. And after another two and a half or three weeks, the third spraying is carried out. However, when carrying out all treatments, it is important to take into account that the most recent one must be carried out at least three weeks before harvest.
If the apricot orchard is infected with gnomoniosis strongly enough, then after the autumn leaf fall, the trees can be processed again, only this time the solution of Bordeaux liquid is taken not one percent, but three percent.
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