Echinacea Purpurea

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Video: Echinacea Purpurea

Video: Echinacea Purpurea
Video: Эхинацея пурпурная 2024, March
Echinacea Purpurea
Echinacea Purpurea
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Echinacea purpurea (lat. Echinacea purpurea) - decorative and medicinal culture; a representative of the Echinacea genus of the Asteraceae family. Previously, the species was counted in the genus Rudbeckia. The name comes from the Greek word "echinos", which translated into Russian means "prickly". The name indicates the needle-like leaves of the wrapper surrounding the basket-inflorescence. The homeland is considered to be the eastern regions of North America. It is cultivated in many countries of Europe and Asia, including Russia. To a greater extent, it is grown for the production of medicinal raw materials, it is also actively used in landscaping personal household plots and large city parks and gardens.

Characteristics of culture

Echinacea purpurea is represented by perennial herbaceous plants up to 100 cm high with straight, strong stems, rough to the touch. Green leaves, of two types: basal - petiolate, serrated along the edge, narrowed towards the base, wide-oval, collected in a small rosette; stem - alternate, sessile, lanceolate. Inflorescences-baskets, reaching a diameter of 15-16 cm, consist of reddish-brown tubular flowers and purple-pink reed flowers, pointed at the tips.

Echinacea purpurea blooms in early to mid-July for 55-65 days. As already mentioned, the species in question is used in ornamental gardening, it looks great in eco-gardens, as well as in rustic-style gardens. They will decorate any sunny areas. Suitable for decorating mixborders and creating landscape groups. Combined with other floral and medicinal crops, including yarrow, salvia, monarda, dahlias, sedum, heliotrope and cereals. Plants are suitable for cutting and summer bouquets.

Common varieties

There are many varieties of Echinacea purpurea, among them the following are the most popular:

* Magnus (Magnus) - the variety is represented by perennial herbaceous plants no more than 1 m in height with medium-sized inflorescences-baskets, consisting of orange-brown tubular flowers and crimson-pink reed flowers.

* Zonnenlach (Sonnenlach) - the variety is represented by perennial herbaceous plants up to 130-140 cm high with large inflorescences-baskets, reaching a diameter of 10-12 cm and consisting of brown tubular flowers and dark purple reed flowers, ending in two teeth.

* Indiaca (Indiana) - the variety is represented by perennial herbaceous plants no more than 80 cm in height with small inflorescences-baskets, the ligulate flowers of which are light pink, pink, pink-purple, purple, orange-purple or orange-brown in color. The variety boasts an early and long flowering period. As a rule, flowering occurs in the second or third decade of June.

* The King (We King) - the variety is represented by perennial plants 200 cm high with large inflorescences-baskets up to 15 cm in diameter, consisting of brown tubular flowers and purple-red reed flowers. The variety is distinguished by abundant flowering. One of the tallest varieties.

* Cranberry Cupcake (Cranberry Cupcake) - the variety is represented by perennial herbaceous plants with double inflorescences-baskets of bright pink-purple color.

* White Swan (White Swan) - the variety is represented by perennial herbaceous plants with large inflorescences-baskets, the reed flowers of which are white. Outwardly, representatives of this variety resemble garden daisies.

* Granatstem (Granatstem) - the variety is represented by plants up to 1, 2-1, 3 m high with large inflorescences-baskets, consisting of brown tubular flowers and purple reed flowers, equipped with two teeth at the tips.

Application in medicine

Echinacea purpurea is used in folk medicine and pharmacology. For these purposes, the roots, leaves and flowers of plants are used. Echinacea has bactericidal, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. It is used both internally and externally. Echinacea purpurea is especially famous as a plant that increases immunity. It is often called a natural immunomodulator.

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