2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-07 15:51
© smileus / Rusmediabank.ru |
Latin name: Malus domestica Family: Rosaceae Headings: Fruit and berry crops |
Domestic apple tree (lat. Malus domestica) - a species of fruit trees of the genus Apple-tree of the Rosovye family. Other names are garden apple or cultivated apple tree. The most common member of the genus, cultivated to produce tasty and healthy fruits called apples. The homeland of culture is considered to be the territories that now belong to Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Characteristics of culture
Domestic apple tree - a tree up to 15 m high with a wide spreading crown. Leaves are green, ovate or elliptical, crenate, pointed, glabrous on the outside and pubescent on the inside. The flowers are medium-sized, white or white-pink, equipped with a five-celled ovary, emit a pleasant aroma that attracts pollinating insects. Fruits can have a wide variety of shapes, tastes and colors. Home apple blossoms in April-May and lasts 8-12 days. It begins to bear fruit in 5-12 years (depending on the variety).
The culture is durable, the average age is 100-150 years, specimens about 300 years old are found in nature. Most varieties of domestic apple trees are frost-resistant, withstand frosts down to -40C. Soils can be different in composition, the main conditions are: moderate moisture and sufficient mineral and organic nutrition. Unfavorable conditions have an extremely negative effect on the taste and quality characteristics of apples. Spring frosts can cause the ovaries to fall off.
Common varieties
Currently, there are about 7,500 varieties, of which 300 are actively cultivated in various regions of Russia. According to the terms of ripening and storage, the varieties are conventionally divided into summer, autumn and winter. Summer varieties ripen in August (they are poorly stored and are most often used for the preparation of canned foods, including mashed potatoes, jams, compotes and preserves), autumn varieties in September (they have an average keeping quality), winter varieties in October (they have long-term storage) …
* Antonovka Is one of the most common apple varieties in Russia. The variety is represented by vigorous trees with an irregularly rounded spreading crown. The culture enters fruiting in 5-7 years after planting. The yield is 200-350 kg per tree 20-25 years old. Fruits weighing up to 300 g, flat-round, oval-conical or oval-cylindrical, usually with a faceted or ribbed surface. The skin of the fruit is greenish-yellow, with a shine; during storage, it acquires a straw-yellow color. The pulp is grainy, juicy, yellowish-white, has a pleasant sweetish-sour taste.
* Bogatyr - a variety obtained by crossing the Renet Landsberg and Antonovka ordinary varieties. The variety is represented by tall trees with a spreading conical or rounded crown. Plants begin to bear fruit in 6-7 years. Productivity from one adult tree is on average 80-90 kg. Fruits weighing up to 200, flat-round, with a slight bevel towards the calyx. The skin of the fruit is greenish-yellow, often with a carmine tan. The pulp is crispy, white, aromatic, has a sweet-sour taste. The variety does not boast disease resistance, especially scab. The yield is stable.
* Granny Smith - a fairly common variety. Fruits weighing up to 300-350 g, oval, rounded or truncated-conical. The skin is yellowish green or green, with a reddish brown tan on the sunny side. The pulp is very juicy, of medium density, white or greenish-white, sweet and sour, with an indistinct aroma.
* Zorenka - a variety characterized by early maturity and high yield. It is represented by tall trees with a dense spreading crown. Fruits are medium in size, round or oval-conical, ribbed. The skin is thin, light yellow, with a blurry striped pink or reddish blush. The pulp is loose, juicy, white or yellowish-white, has a sweet and sour taste. It belongs to the summer varieties, the fruits ripen in August.
* Red early - summer variety. It is represented by trees of medium height with a thin crown and leathery slightly wrinkled ovoid leaves. Fruits are small, average weight 50-75 g, flat-round. The skin is light yellow with a red broad-banded blush. The pulp is fine-grained, juicy, dense, yellowish-white or creamy, sweet and sour, aromatic.
* Lomonosovskoe - a summer variety obtained by crossing Papirovka and Saffron-Chinese varieties. It is represented by vigorous trees with a rounded dense leafy crown. Leaves are dark green, densely pubescent, ovate or elliptical, wide, with a wedge-shaped base. Fruits are medium (weighing up to 170 g), rounded-conical or rounded, ribbed. The skin is thin, light green with a dark pink striped blush. The peduncle is thickened, enclosed in a rather deep funnel. The pulp is loose, juicy, greenish, aromatic, sweet and sour. The fruits are stored for up to 3 weeks. The variety is frost-resistant, high-yielding, disease resistant.
* March - a variety obtained by crossing Antonovka ordinary and Mekintosh varieties. It is represented by trees with a compact wide-pyramidal crown. Plants enter fruiting 4-5 years after planting. Fruits weighing up to 150 g, turnip-shaped. The skin is greenish-yellow, with a brownish-red dotted and striped blush. The pulp is white-green, juicy, aromatic, has a sweet and sour taste.
Recommended:
Choosing Home Apple Varieties
Without a doubt, the most cherished dream of every gardener is to have a luxurious and fragrant fruit and berry garden on the site. And it doesn't matter what kind of plants it consists of, because in a garden grown by overwork, each tree is valuable and beloved akin to a small child. In Russia, one of the most common types of orchards is the apple orchard. For the careful attitude and careful care, he thanks his owners with a large harvest of delicious and aromatic liquid apples. But this is his reason
Home Appliances Exhibition: Cooking Classes, Food Fair And Smart Home
On April 9-12, Crocus Expo will host an exhibition of household appliances Home Appliances. Design & Technologies 2015. In addition to the novelties of leading brands, visitors will find a varied entertainment program, the center of which will be culinary venues and a gastronomic fair-sale of products
Apple Blossom Beetle - Apple Tree Pest
You can meet the apple blossom beetle almost everywhere. Its larvae and beetles are capable of quite badly damaging apple trees. The most dangerous is damage to vulnerable buds with the onset of early spring, when beetles gnaw deep enough pits into them with something resembling pricks. The harmful larvae feed on pistils and stamens and, gnawing out the receptacle, strongly glue the petals from the inside. The result of a similar activity of the apple blossom beetle is unblown, brown and dried buds
SOLUTION SPACE FROM LG: PRESENTATION OF PREMIUM HOME APPLIANCES FOR THE KITCHEN AND HOME
MOSCOW, April 9, 2018 - In the center of the new business and sports cluster VTB Arena Park, namely at the Hyatt Regency Moscow Petrovsky Park hotel, LG Electronics presented a new audio-video -Household appliances and even robots
Red-gall Gray Apple Aphid - The Enemy Of Apple Trees
The red-haired gray apple aphid can be found almost everywhere there are apple trees. During the period of mass reproduction, it severely damages the fruits, and red spots that significantly reduce the commercial quality of apples are formed on the surfaces of pricks on their surfaces. It is noteworthy that the red-gall gray apple aphid can harm almost any varieties of apple trees, and all generations of this pest are equally harmful
