2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Chrysanthemum mulberry (lat. Chrysanthemum x morifolium) - a large group of varieties and hybrids, characterized by a variety of forms, abundant flowering and high decorativeness. Used to decorate flower beds, as well as create bouquets. Nowadays it is actively used by Russian, European, Chinese and Japanese gardeners.
Characteristics of culture
The mulberry chrysanthemum is represented by perennial herbaceous plants equipped with a highly branched rhizome and erect stems, the height of which varies from 30 cm to 1.2 m. The foliage, depending on the variety, can be different in shape, and they also have a different degree of dissection. Stem foliage, in turn, is always whole, petiolate, small in size, it can be bare or pubescent. The foliage of all members of the group has a specific smell, which is especially distinctly audible when rubbed.
Inflorescence is a basket that consists of a huge number of tubular and ligulate (marginal) flowers. Baskets can be either simple or terry. Also on the garden market there are varieties with semi-double baskets. The last two can boast of high decorative properties; they are often used for making bouquets. In diameter, the baskets can reach 25 cm, although there are also miniature varieties with inflorescences of 2-5 cm.
Classification
It is hard to believe, but the mulberry chrysanthemum has more than 3000 varieties, which are subdivided into several large groups. They are systematized according to the shape and size of the inflorescences and other characteristics. Moreover, there are several classifications. So, Chinese varieties are divided into 9 groups: simple and semi-double; double and densely double, hemispherical and spherical, feather-shaped, radiant, grasping (tubular), dragon's claws and hairy. It should be noted that all groups are highly decorative and suitable for gardening and cutting.
Japanese scientists, in turn, subdivide varieties of mulberry chrysanthemum into 2 main groups - these are wild and cultivated. While the latter are divided into food (suitable for cooking) and decorative. Decorative ones are divided into three groups - according to the flowering time (spring, summer, autumn). However, autumn chrysanthemum varieties include the largest number of varieties. They are also most actively used in gardening. All three groups, that is, spring, summer and autumn, are divided into three groups - according to the size of the baskets (small-colored, medium-colored and large-colored).
In Germany, varieties of mulberry chrysanthemum are divided into 10 large groups: simple, semi-double, anemone, double, flat, hemispherical, spherical, curly, radial, pompon. This classification is somewhat similar to that of Chinese varieties, but it does not include varieties of Chinese and Japanese origin, only those that are the work of European breeders.
Growing features
Chrysanthemum mulberry is a rather demanding crop. It accepts only moderately moist, nutritious, drained, sandy loam or loamy soils with excellent permeability. Not a single variety will tolerate commonwealth with saline, waterlogged, dry, strongly acidic and heavy soils. Culture does not accept shaded areas, only well lit with diffused light.
The nutritional value of the soil is very important for the mulberry chrysanthemum, and the systematic application of fertilizers promises active growth and abundant flowering. If you miss the feeding procedure, the plants will not show true beauty, and the degree of damage by pests and diseases will increase to the maximum level. So, immediately after planting seedlings in the soil, the soil should be fertilized with nitrogen fertilizers; closer to flowering, it is important to apply a complex of fertilizers consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. During the season, it is necessary to carry out at least 3 top dressing, however, if the soil suffers from a lack of nutrients, the number of dressings is increased to 5-7.
In addition to feeding, plants need watering and weeding. Tall varieties and varieties with large inflorescences also require a garter, otherwise they will fall. Do not forget about pinching, the shape of the bush and the number of inflorescences depend on this procedure. In a similar way, the formation of a bush is influenced by the timely removal of stepchildren, which, by the way, take a lot of nutrients from the buds.
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