2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
Aromatic syzygium, or Clove tree (lat. Syzygium aromaticum) - an evergreen tree, a representative of the genus Sizigium (Latin Syzygium) of the Myrtaceae family (Latin Myrtaceae). Born in the tropics of South Asia, the plant is distinguished by leathery leaves, on the glossy surface of which jets of tropical showers easily roll down without injuring the leaf plate. The flowers of the Clove tree soaked in essential oil exude an aroma that lasts for a long time if the flower buds are prepared in a timely manner and correctly for future use. It is these buds that are a well-known spice with the name "cloves", available to any good housewife.
What's in your name
The meaning of the Latin name of the genus "Syzygium", which begins the names of all plant species representing the genus on our planet, was described in the article "Syzygium".
As for the specific epithet "aromaticum", it is understandable to any person familiar with Latin letters, and is literally translated into Russian by the word "fragrant". And the plant owes this epithet to the essential oil that penetrates the stems, leaves, flowers and fruits. The specific aroma emanating from the plant is called "clove".
The official botanical name of the plant has synonyms assigned to it at different times: "Eugenia aromatica" and "Caryophyllum aromaticus", which can be found in the literature.
Description
A carnation tree in nature can be a shrub or a small tree (eight to twelve meters high) with evergreen petioled leaves sitting opposite on stems that form a pyramidal crown of the tree.
Like many tropical plants that have adapted to seasonal disasters in the form of torrential rains, the surface of the leathery, durable leaves is bare, allowing water to slide freely to the ground without damaging the leaf plate. The leaves are dark green in elliptical shape with a sharp tip and clearly visible veins on the surface of the leaf plate.
From the axils of the leaves, peduncles are born with complex semi-umbellate inflorescences formed by small purple-red flowers. The flowers, like the whole plant, emit a strong aroma of essential oil.
Initially pale flower buds gradually turn green, and as they grow older, they move to a bright red color. It is at this time that the collection of flower buds is carried out. The length of the collected flowers reaches from one and a half to two centimeters. The bud consists of a long cup, formed by four scattered sepals, and four petals that have not yet opened, forming a central small ball.
The crown of the growing cycle is the fruit, which is the so-called "false berry".
Ancient spice
The most ancient fact of friendship between a man and a carnation is an archaeological find in Syria of a ceramic vessel in which a carnation has been preserved, which is about four thousand years old.
And in the third century BC, the Chinese emperor obliged everyone who turned to him to chew a clove before meeting, so that their breath was fresh and did not annoy his imperial greatness.
During the Middle Ages, carnation was a lucrative item of international trade and only grew in the Moluccas, which were even called the "Spice Islands". But, in all ages, there were nimble guys who stole the seedlings of the plant and took them to France, and later to the islands of the Zanzibar archipelago, which at one time was the main supplier of carnations to the world market.
Healing abilities
The specific clove aroma of the plant, which is especially strong and vividly manifested in its dried flower buds, is due to the presence in the essential oil of an aromatic substance of the class of phenols called "eugenol" (or "eugenol").
It is a highly toxic substance. in small doses it is used by the perfume industry, and is also an integral part of medicines used for anesthesia, disinfection of purulent wounds, to combat pathogenic bacteria.
A spicy spice, widely used in cooking in many countries of the world, also serves to strengthen the human body, increase immunity, improve appetite and the functioning of the digestive tract.
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