2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38
It's autumn, which means it's time to update, supplement or start an orchard from scratch. Now nurseries offer a lot of strong varietal seedlings. But in order for them to quickly take root, grow well, get sick as little as possible during the adaptation period, you need to plant them correctly
Everyone knows the basis of planting: dig a planting hole, lower the roots of the seedling there, water it, cover it with soil. And that's all. It would seem nothing complicated. In general, yes, but then the plant gets sick for a long time, takes root, and may even die altogether. I want to share simple tips that are very easy to implement when planting, while significantly reducing the period of "survival" of the seedling.
First advice. You have purchased a seedling. Beautiful, with a well-developed root system and a lush and dense crown. But despite the apparent integrity of the roots, when digging out a seedling, part of the root system is injured. Accordingly, after planting in the ground, it will be difficult for the remaining roots to "feed" the dense and lush crown. Therefore, carry out the pruning, not sparing the branches, new ones will grow in the spring. In total, at least a third of the branches need to be removed, at the same time you can begin to form a beautiful crown of the desired shape. And do not be afraid to cut off the excess, in this case, the rule is "it is better to overdo it than not to overdo it."
Second advice. Choose the size of the pit depending on the type of soil. On clay soil, it is not worth digging a deep and wide hole, since such soil is very poorly permeable to water, which, if the root system is buried too deep under the ground, will lead to decay of the roots. For an area with heavy clay soils, the size of the planting hole should exactly match the size of the root system of the seedling. The lighter the soil, the larger the size of the planting pit is allowed.
Third advice. Don't overdo it with fertilizers! Of course, when planting a tree, fertilizers need to be applied, but some gardeners try to pour everything into the pit at once: compost, humus, peat, mineral fertilizers, complex fertilizers, apparently, based on the phrase "there is never too much good!" In fact, this is a very big mistake. It is better now to sleep a little and feed as needed. What can an overdose of nutrients lead to? From such an abundance, the young and tender roots of our seedling will simply burn out. Therefore, in order to avoid the death of the plant, do not overdo it with fertilizers. Remember, everything is good in moderation.
Fourth advice. Please note that almost all seedlings on one side of the branches always have more scratches on the other. What does this mean and how can it help the seedling to take root in a new place more easily? By the number of branches on each side of the seedling, you can determine which side "looked" to the south and which to the north. Where there are more branches - the southern part, where there are less branches - the northern. And when planting in a new place of residence, it is advisable to take into account which side of where our seedling grew in a nursery or a specialized farm. Place the part that "looked" to the south in the same way, to the south. Then the plant will not have to spend time and energy to rebuild from the usual rhythm to a new one, because such a shake-up in the form of a change in reference point will not help the seedling to take root faster, but, on the contrary, will lead to its weakening.
And the last tip concerns soil compaction after planting a seedling. Many books, magazines, and experienced gardeners advise to compact the soil after planting. And they are right, it must be done. But by no means simple intensive trampling, otherwise in the process you can damage the roots and deprive them of oxygen, which is very important for tree roots! Compact the soil carefully. It is generally advisable to do this with the help of regular watering of the soil.
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