Camellia

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Video: Camellia

Video: Camellia
Video: BIG SHOT (Camellia Remix) [From Deltarune Ch.2] 2024, March
Camellia
Camellia
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Camellia (lat. Camellia) - a genus of evergreen plants of the Tea family. The most common type is considered to be Chinese camellia, or a tea bush (Latin Camellia sinensis). Most of the known species have been used in ornamental gardening for a long time. The genus was named after the Czech botanist and physician Georg Josef Kamel. At present, representatives of the genus are widespread in southern Russia, in the southern United States and other countries with a subtropical climate.

Characteristics of culture

Camellia is a semi-shrub, shrub or tree 2-20 m high. Leaves are leathery, simple, broadly ovate, oblong-ovate or elliptical, glossy, obtuse or pointed, sitting on short petioles alternately. The flowers are single, red, pink, white or variegated, up to 12 cm in diameter. The fruit is a dry capsule with five chambers, contains 8 seeds.

Growing conditions

The location for plants is preferably sunny. In shady areas, camellias develop much worse and practically do not bloom. Soils are desirable fertile, moderately moist, non-acidic. It is not recommended to grow a crop on swampy, waterlogged and saline soils.

Reproduction and planting

Camellias are propagated by sowing seeds and cuttings. Seed propagation is most often used for breeding purposes (for rootstocks and for growing various species). Seeds are sown in seed boxes or pots. The pick is carried out in the phase of 2-3 true leaves. Camellias grown from seeds grow rather slowly and bloom only in the fifth year after sowing, and sometimes even in the eighth year, which fully depends on the species and variety. Camellia seeds very quickly lose their germination, so sowing is done immediately after harvest, that is, in September-October. Spring sowing is possible, but only with preliminary stratification, which is carried out in moistened peat, sawdust or sand at a temperature of about 10C.

Cutting is an equally effective method. Vegetative propagation allows you to preserve varietal characteristics. Cuttings are cut from the apical non-saline shoots. The optimum length of the cutting is 6-8 cm. The cuttings are planted in boxes with drainage holes filled with a substrate consisting of sand and peat soil. Cuttings will take root within 2-3 months. The cuttings must be regularly sprayed and the substrate watered. With the emergence of a well-developed root system, the cuttings are transplanted into separate pots with peat, leaf and turf soil and sand in a ratio of 2: 2: 1: 1.

Some varieties of camellias are propagated by grafting (copulating into a cleft or into a butt). This procedure is carried out in January. The grafted plants shade for the first time, it is also important to maintain optimal humidity and cut off the shoots as necessary. The transplant of camellias propagated in this way is transplanted the next year into pots with a diameter of 9-11 cm, in the third year - into pots with a diameter of 11-14 cm. The composition of the mixture is the same as for cuttings.

Application

Due to their decorative properties, camellias are widely used in indoor and garden design. They are grown in parks, gardens and alleys, some species are used for landscaping offices, apartments and houses. Camellias look great in group and single plantings, suitable for many types of flower beds, including rockeries and rock gardens. Some species are used to obtain essential oils, for example, eugenol camellia (Latin Camellia sasanqua).

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