Juniper

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Video: Juniper

Video: Juniper
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Juniper
Juniper
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Juniper (Latin Juniperus) - a genus of conifers and shrubs of the Cypress family. The plant is known as veres. In some sources, you can find the name - archa. Under natural conditions, juniper grows in the Northern Hemisphere from the subtropics to the Arctic. The species East African juniper (Latin Juniperus procera) is distributed only in Africa. Typical habitats are mountains, forests, rocky slopes, rocks, etc.

Characteristics of culture

Juniper is an evergreen shrub or tree with bare buds, often surrounded by shortened and pressed leaves, with an exception: stone juniper (Latin Juniperus drupacea) - the buds of this species are covered with numerous dense scales. Leaves are linear-lanceolate, acicular, collected in whorls or in pairs-opposite, from above are equipped with an stomatal strip, as well as a divided or undivided median vein, tightly pressed to the runs. Female spikelets can be of three types, male single or collected in several pieces in the axils of leaves on last year's shoots. The cone is spherical, with fleshy, tightly closed scales, does not open, contains 1-10 seeds.

Growing conditions

Juniper is an unpretentious crop, characterized by high drought-resistant properties. Plants are undemanding to soil conditions, but they develop best on light, loose, nutritious and moderately moist soils. Juniper does not tolerate saline, highly waterlogged and marshy soils. Cold resistance is different for all species. There are species that develop normally only in subtropical climates.

Reproduction and planting

Juniper is propagated by seeds, cuttings and layering. The most effective way of reproduction is considered to be cuttings. The percentage of rooting of cuttings depends on the duration of the procedure, the type and type of cut material.

Common juniper and some of its varieties are distinguished by a high rooting ability (usually up to 70-90%). Juniper cuttings can be carried out at any time of the year, but the best gardeners recognized spring cuttings (April-May). Cuttings are rooted in greenhouses or under a film.

You can also harvest cuttings in February, but after the retreat of severe frosts. The optimum rooting temperature is 23-25C, higher temperatures are undesirable. The substrate must be regularly moistened, at least once a day. Diffuse light is an important prerequisite for proper rooting.

Cuttings of creeping junipers must be planted in the ground at an angle, the rest - vertically. Cuttings take root after 50-70 days, after which they are planted in a permanent place. Treatment of cuttings with growth stimulants significantly increases the results of rooting, especially for semi-freshened cuttings cut from annual growths.

Saplings are planted in April-May. It is recommended to purchase seedlings in specialized nurseries. The optimum age of the seedling is 3-4 years. The disembarkation is carried out with a clod of earth. The planting pit is prepared in the fall or in two to three weeks. After planting, the soil in the near-trunk zone is abundantly watered and mulched with withered foliage or peat in a layer of 10-12 cm. In the future, caring for a young plant consists in frequent spraying of the crown.

Care

In general, junipers are not picky. They need rare watering and feeding, as well as systematic weeding of the near-trunk zone. Top dressing is carried out in early spring. For these purposes, you can use nitroammophoska and rotted organic matter. The culture has a positive attitude towards spraying the crown, such a procedure is carried out every 10-15 days.

Junipers do not need pruning, although sanitary pruning is not prohibited. Junipers with a spreading crown are recommended to be tied with twine for the winter, otherwise heavy snow can break the branches. Only young plants (first 1-2 years) need shelter for the winter. The culture is resistant to diseases and pests, so there is no point in preventive treatments.

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